Browsing by Author "Kazwala, Rudovick"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

African 2, a clonal complex of mycobacterium bovis epidemiologically important in East Africa
(American Society for Microbiology) Stefan, Berg, M; Borna, Müller; Elena, Hailu; Benon, Asiimwe; Kristin, Kremer; James, Dale M; Beatrice, Boniotti; Sabrina, Rodriguez; Markus, Hilty; Leen, Rigouts; Rebuma, Firdessa; Adelina, Machado; Custodia, Mucavele; Bongo, Nare R. N; Bruchfeld, Judith; Boschiroli, Laura; Müller, Annélle; Sahraoui, Naima; Pacciarini, Maria; Cadmus, Smeoni; Joloba, Moses; Joloba, Moses; Soolingen, Dick v; Michel, Anita L.; Djønne, Berit; Aranaz, Alicia; Zinsstag, Jakob; Portaels, Françoise; Kazwala, Rudovick; Källenius, Gunilla; Hewinson, Glyn; Aseffa, Abraham; Gordon, Stephen V.; Smith, Noel H.; Garcia-Pelayo, M. Carmen
African 2, a clonal complex of mycobacterium bovis epidemiologically important in East Africa
(American Society for Microbiology, 2011) Stefan, Berg, M; Borna, Müller; Elena, Hailu; Benon, Asiimwe; Kristin, Kremer; James, Dale M; Beatrice, Boniotti; Sabrina, Rodriguez; Markus, Hilty; Leen, Rigouts; Rebuma, Firdessa; Adelina, Machado; Custodia, Mucavele; Bongo, Nare R. N; Bruchfeld, Judith; Boschiroli, Laura; Müller, Annélle; Sahraoui, Naima; Pacciarini, Maria; Cadmus, Smeoni; Joloba, Moses; Joloba, Moses; Soolingen, Dick v; Michel, Anita L.; Djønne, Berit; Aranaz, Alicia; Zinsstag, Jakob; Portaels, Françoise; Kazwala, Rudovick; Källenius, Gunilla; Hewinson, Glyn; Aseffa, Abraham; Gordon, Stephen V.; Smith, Noel H.; Garcia-Pelayo, M. Carmen
We have identified a clonal complex of Mycobacterium bovis isolated at high frequency from cattle in Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. We have named this related group of M. bovis strains the African 2 (Af2) clonal complex of M. bovis. Af2 strains are defined by a specific chromosomal deletion (RDAf2) and can be identified by the absence of spacers 3 to 7 in their spoligotype patterns. Deletion analysis of M. bovis isolates from Algeria, Mali, Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon, South Africa, and Mozambique did not identify any strains of the Af2 clonal complex, suggesting that this clonal complex of M. bovis is localized in East Africa. The specific spoligotype pattern of the Af2 clonal complex was rarely identified among isolates from outside Africa, and the few isolates that were found and tested were intact at the RDAf2 locus. We conclude that the Af2 clonal complex is localized to cattle in East Africa. We found that …
Integrating serological and genetic data to quantify cross-species transmission: brucellosis as a case study
(Cambridge University Press) Viana, Mafalda; Shirima, Gabriel; John, Kunda; Fitzpatrick, Julie; Kazwala, Rudovick; Buza, Joram; Cleaveland, Sarah; Haydon, Daniel; Halliday, Jo
One Health contributions towards more effective and equitable approaches to health in low- and middle-income countries
(Published by the Royal Society) Cleaveland, Sarah; Sharp, Jo; Abela-Ridder, Bernadette; Allan, Kathryn; Buza, Joram; Crump, John; Davis, Adrian; Del Rio Vilas, Victor; de Glanville, William; Kazwala, Rudovick; Kibona, Tito; Lankester, Felix; Lugelo, Ahmed; Mmbaga, Blandina; Rubach, Matthew; Swai, Senyael; Waldman, Linda; Haydon, Daniel; Hampson, Katie; Halliday, Jo
Prevalence and speciation of brucellosis in febrile patients from a pastoralist community of Tanzania.
(Springer Nature Limited) Bodenham, Rebecca; Lukambagire, Abdul; Ashford, Roland; Buza, Joram; Cash-Goldwasser, Shama; Crump, John; Kazwala, Rudovick; Maro, Venance; McGiven, John; Mkenda, Nestory; Mmbaga, Blandina; Rubach, Matthew; Sakasaka, Philoteus; Shirima, Gabriel; Swai, Emanuel; Thomas, Kate; Whatmore, Adrian; Haydon, Daniel; Halliday, Jo
Reproduction of East-African bats may guide risk mitigation for coronavirus spillover
(BMC, 2020-02-07) Montecino-Latorre, Diego; Goldstein, Tracey; Gilardi, Kirsten; Wolking, David; Van Wormer, Elizabeth; Kazwala, Rudovick; Ssebide, Benard; Nziza, Julius; Sijali, Zikankuba; Cranfield, Michael; PREDICT Consortium; Mazet, Jonna A. K.
Background: Bats provide important ecosystem services; however, current evidence supports that they host several zoonotic viruses, including species of the Coronaviridae family. If bats in close interaction with humans host and shed coronaviruses with zoonotic potential, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus, spillover may occur. Therefore, strategies aiming to mitigate potential spillover and disease emergence, while supporting the conservation of bats and their important ecological roles are needed. Past research suggests that coronavirus shedding in bats varies seasonally following their reproductive cycle; however, shedding dynamics have been assessed in only a few species, which does not allow for generalization of findings across bat taxa and geographic regions. Methods: To assess the generalizability of coronavirus shedding seasonality, we sampled hundreds of bats belonging to several species with different life history traits across East Africa at different times of the year. We assessed, via Bayesian modeling, the hypothesis that chiropterans, across species and spatial domains, experience seasonal trends in coronavirus shedding as a function of the reproductive cycle. Results: We found that, beyond spatial, taxonomic, and life history differences, coronavirus shedding is more expected when pups are becoming independent from the dam and that juvenile bats are prone to shed these viruses. Conclusions: These findings could guide policy aimed at the prevention of spillover in limited-resource settings, where longitudinal surveillance is not feasible, by identifying high-risk periods for coronavirus shedding. In these periods, contact with bats should be avoided (for example, by impeding or forbidding people access to caves). Our proposed strategy provides an alternative to culling – an ethically questionable practice that may result in higher pathogen levels – and supports the conservation of bats and the delivery of their key ecosystem services.
Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
(Kluwer Academic Publishers) Kazwala, Rudovick; Kambarage, D.M.; Daborn, C.J.; Nyange, J.; Jiwa, S.F.H.; Sharp, J.M.
Serological and molecular evidence of Brucella species in the rapidly growing pig sector in Kenya.
(BioMed Central Ltd) Akoko, James; Pelle, Roger; Kivali, Velma; Schelling, Esther; Machuka, Eunice; Mathew, Coletha; Fèvre, Eric; Kyallo, Victoria; Falzon, Laura; Lukambagire, Abdul; Halliday, Jo; Bonfoh, Bassirou; Kazwala, Rudovick; Ouma, Collins; Shirima, Gabriel
Student and institutional achievements during an OIE veterinary education twinning project collaboration between Sokoine University of Agriculture and Kansas state University
(AAVMC) Kipanyula, Maulilio J; Hamilton, Keith; Mosier, Derek A; Schmidt, Peggy L; Kazwala, Rudovick; Muhairwa, Amandus P; Sebhatu, Tesfaalem T
The economic impact of malignant catarrhal fever on pastoralist livelihoods
(Public Library of Science) Lankester, Felix; Lugelo, Ahmed; Kazwala, Rudovick; Keyyu, Julius; Cleaveland, Sarah; Yoder, Jonathan