Browsing by Author "Kumar, A."
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Item Antimicrobial resistance and genotypic diversity of Campylobacter isolated from pigs, dairy, and beef cattle in Tanzania(Frontiers in Microbiology) Kashoma, I. P.; Kassem, I. I.; Kumar, A.; Kessy, B. M.; Gebreyes, W.; Kazwala, R. R.; Rajashekara, G.Item Organic or antibiotic-free labeling does not impact the recovery of enteric pathogens and antimicrobial- resistant Escherichia coli from fresh retail chicken(FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE) Mollenkopf, D. F.; Cenera, J. K.; Bryant, E. M.; King, C. A.; Kashoma, I.; Kumar, A.; Funk, J. A.; Rajashekara, G.; Wittum, T. E.Item Organic or antibiotic-free labeling does not impact the recovery of enteric pathogens and antimicrobial- resistant Escherichia coli from fresh retail chicken(FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE, 2014-12-12) Mollenkopf, D. F.; Cenera, J. K.; Bryant, E. M.; King, C. A.; Kashoma, I.; Kumar, A.; Funk, J. A.; Rajashekara, G.; Wittum, T. E.We investigated the implied health benefits of retail chicken breast labeled as ‘‘organic’’ or ‘‘antibiotic-free’’ when compared to conventional products based on frequency of contamination by Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and coliform bacteria resistant to fluoroquinolones, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, or carbapenems. We purchased 231 prepackaged chicken breasts from 99 grocery stores representing 17 retail chains in Ohio, Michigan, and Pennsylvania from June to September 2012. Ninety-six (41.5%) packages were labeled ‘‘antibiotic free’’ and 40 (17.3%) were labeled ‘‘organic,’’ with the remaining 95 (41.1%) making neither label claim. Salmonella were recovered from 56 (24.2%) packages, and the recovery rate was not different between product types. Five percent of packages contained Salmonella carrying the extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance gene blaCMY-2, representing 21.4% of Salmonella isolates. Campylobacter spp. were recovered from 10.8% of packages, with observed recovery rates similar for the three product types. Using selective media, we recovered Escherichia coli harboring blaCMY-2 from over half (53.7%) of packages, with similar recovery rates for all product types. In addition, we recovered E. coli carrying blaCTX-M from 6.9% of packages, and E. coli with QRDR mutations from 8.2% of packages. Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli recovered using selective media were more common ( p < 0.05) in conventional (18.9%) compared to organic (0) and antibiotic-free (2.1%) packages. Our results indicate that, regardless of product type, fresh retail chicken breast is commonly contaminated with enteric pathogens associated with foodborne illness and commensal bacteria harboring genes conferring resistance to critically important antimicrobial drugs.Item Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in commercial Turkey Flocks: A longitudinal study(FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE) Kashoma, I. P.; Kumar, A.; Sanad, Y. M.; Gebreyes, W.; Kazwala, R. R.; Garabed, R.; Rajashekara, G.