Browsing by Author "Kusiluka, L. J. M."

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Characterization of Salmonella spp. from wastewater used for food production in Morogoro, Tanzania
(Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht) Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Forslund, A.; Dalsgaard, A.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in Brassica rapa L. chinensis irrigated with low quality water in urban areas of Morogoro, Tanzania
(African Journal of Biotechnology) Mhongole, O. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Dalsgaard, A.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in Brassica rapa L. chinensis irrigated with low quality water in urban areas of Morogoro, Tanzania
(African Journal of Biotechnology, 2016) Mhongole, O. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Dalsgaard, A.
Low quality water has become valuable resource with restricted or unrestricted use in food production depending on its quality. This study has quantified the occurrence of Escherichia coli in Brassica rapa L. chinensis (Chinese cabbage) vegetables and low quality irrigation water. A total of 106 samples including Chinese cabbage (69) and water (37) were collected. The E. coli were cultured in petri film selective E. coli plates at 44°C. The Chinese cabbage irrigated with river water at Fungafunga area indicated significantly (P<0.001) high prevalence 86% (n=21, 0.00-4.10 log cfu/g) of E. coli than those irrigated with treated wastewater at Mazimbu 10% (n=48, 0.00-1.36 log cfu/g). The mean counts of E. coli in untreated wastewater ranged from 4.59 to 5.56 log cfu/mL, while in treated wastewater was from 0.54 to 1.05 log cfu/mL and in river water it was 2.40 log cfu/mL. Treated wastewater of the quality found in this study could be used for food production.
Preliminary investigation on presence of peste des petits ruminants in Dakawa, Mvomero district, Morogoro region, Tanzania
Kgotlele, T.; Kasanga, C. J.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Misinzo, G.
Prevalence and determinants of Mastitis and Milk-borne Zoonoses in smallholder dairy farming sector in Kibaha and Morogoro districts in eastern Tanzania
(Journal of Veterinary Medicine) Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Kapaga, A. M.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Turuka, F. M.; Bundala, A.; Kivaria, F.; Kabula, B.; Manjurano, A.; Loken, T.; Kambarage, D. M.
Removal of Escherichia coli in treated wastewater used for food production in Morogoro, Tanzania
(African Journal of Microbiology Research) Mhongole, O. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Forslund, A.; Dalsgaard, A.
Removal of Escherichia coli in treated wastewater used for food production in Morogoro, Tanzania
(African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2016) Mhongole, O. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Forslund, A.; Dalsgaard, A.
The aim of this study was to assess the removal efficiency of Escherichia coli at Mafisa and Mzumbe domestic wastewater treatment ponds in Morogoro, Tanzania. The study was done from October, 2013 to April, 2014. A total of 125 water samples from inlets and subsequent anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds as well as treated wastewater were collected and analysed for E. coli. The estimated retention times of the wastewater treatment units were 19 and 22 days in Mafisa and Mzumbe ponds, respectively. The concentration of E. coli ranged from 4.70 to 5.60 log cfu/mL in untreated wastewater and was reduced to <1.00 to 2.00 log cfu/mL in the treated wastewater. During rainy and cold seasons, the effluent discharged out at Mafisa during August 2013; and March and April, 2014 was about 2 log cfu/mL while at Mzumbe E. coli concentration in effluent discharged out was up to 1.23 log cfu/mL. The concentration of E. coli in untreated and treated wastewater from the two wastewater treatment ponds study sites were comparable (P<0.05). Reduction of E. coli concentration in wastewater treatment ponds study sites was significant with less reduction seen at Mafisa, during rainy and cold seasons in March, April and August. To conclude, the simple wastewater treatment ponds in the study sites were effective and demonstrated potential for reduction of public health risks associated with use of treated wastewater in agricultural irrigation and aquaculture.
Tick burden and acquisition of immunity to Theileria parva by Tarime cattle in comparison to Sukuma cattle under different tick control regimes in the Lake Zone of Tanzania
Laisser, E. L. K.; Chenyambuga, S. W.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Msalya, G.; Kipanyula, M. J.; Mwilawa, A. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Gwakisa, P. S.
Tick burden and acquisition of immunity to Theileria parva by Tarime cattle in comparison to Sukuma cattle under different tick control regimes in the Lake Zone of Tanzania
(2016-03) Laisser, E. L. K.; Chenyambuga, S. W.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Msalya, G.; Kipanyula, M. J.; Mwilawa, A. J.; Mdegela, R. H.; Kusiluka, L. J. M.; Gwakisa, P. S.
This study was conducted to determine tick burden and immunological parameters of resistance to East Coast fever (ECF) in Tarime and Sukuma cattle. Tick load, packed cell volume (PCV), Theileria parva (T. parva) specific antibody percent positivity (PP), and prevalence of T. parva parasites were studied in relation to dipping regime, strains, and season. A total of 50 experimental cattle were included in this study. Tick load was determined by whole body counts, antibody percent positivity was determined by the polymorphic immunodominant molecule (PIM)-based T. parva enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and prevalence of T. parva parasites was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the p104 gene. Dipping frequency on tick burden showed no statistically significant differences when cattle of either strain were dipped either once every 2 or 3 weeks in the dry and wet seasons. However, Tarime cattle had higher (p<0.05) tick count than Sukuma cattle and non dipped groups maintained high tick infestation throughout the experimental period. The PCV values were within the physiological range, although this parameter was lower in Tarime cattle (p<0.05). All cattle regardless of strain were seropositive, although Tarime cattle maintained higher PP compared to Sukuma by 15%. Conversely, the prevalence of T. parva parasites was lower in Tarime (38%) compared to Sukuma cattle (38.5%), but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). During the study period, 20% (5/25) of Sukuma cattle contracted ECF, but none of the Tarime cattle showed clinical signs for the disease. The differences between the two strains shown in terms of PP and T. parva parasite prevalence may indicate the ability of individual cattle to resist tick infestation and ECF infection under natural challenge. Higher antibody levels but lower parasite prevalence attained by Tarime cattle, suggests inherent ability of Tarime cattle to resist clinical development of ECF infection, but to remain as T. parva carriers.