Browsing by Author "Lalika, M. C. S."

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Conserving rivers and their biodiversity in Tanzania
(MDPI) Seeteram, N. A.; Hyera, P. T.; Kaaya, L. T.; Lalika, M. C. S.; Anderson, E. P.
Exploring watershed conservation and water governance along Pangani River Basin, Tanzania
(2015 Elsevier Ltd.) Lalika, M. C. S.; Meire, P.; Ngaga, Y. M.
Exploring watershed conservation and water governance along Pangani River Basin, Tanzania
(2015 Elsevier Ltd., 2015) Lalika, M. C. S.; Meire, P.; Ngaga, Y. M.
tWater scarcity is among the contemporary problems of our time across the globe. The problem is wors-ened by policy failures to enforce water governance and watershed conservation. Consequently, it hascurtailed the capacity of watersheds to release hydrological services, water in particular. We carried outthis study to explore approaches for watershed conservation and investigate water governance challengesin Pangani River Basin, Tanzania. We collected data by using structured questionnaires and meetings withdifferent actors in the study area. We found that retaining riparian vegetation is the appropriate strategyfor watershed conservation and sustainable water flow. Water governance challenges include ineffectiveand uncoordinated water governing institutional structures; and untrustworthy financial management.We feel that building the capacity of water users association could bring about positive outcomes forboth watershed conservation and water governance. We recommend that strategies and policies aimedat improving the flow of hydrological services should also focus on improving the welfare of the localcommunities, who are the primary beneficiaries of water from watersheds.
Linking ecohydrology and integrated water resources management: institutional challenges for water management in the Pangani Basin, Tanzania
(Elsevier Sp. z o.o.) Msuya, T. S.; Lalika, M. C. S.
Linking ecohydrology and integrated water resources management: institutional challenges for water management in the Pangani Basin, Tanzania
(Elsevier Sp. z o.o., 2018) Msuya, T. S.; Lalika, M. C. S.
Linking integrated water resources management (IWRM) and Ecohydrology for the sustainance of watersheds and environmentally friendly economic activities is vital for ensuring continued water flow and a steady supply of watershed services for societal needs, and the integrity of aquatic vegetation and animal species. However, regardless of the reforms in water policy and the Water Resources Development Programme and Water Resources Management Act to include provisions for IWRM, Tanzania is still facing several institutional challenges in the practical implementation of IWRM. This study aimed at exploring the potentials and constraints for integrating Ecohydrology and IWRM to develop an integrated institutional framework for providing a sustainable flow of ecosystem services for societal needs along the Pangani River Basin (PRB) in Tanzania. The data was collected through socio-economic methods including questionnaires, surveys, structured and semi-structured interviews and a documentary review of secondary information. Logistic regression models were performed to analyse factors influencing watershed management integration. Logistic regression results showed that watershed management integration was significantly (p < 0.001) constrained by poor inter-sectoral coordination at field level, diverging interests of watershed stakeholders, incompatibility between formal and informal institutions, poor highland-lowland integration, develop- ment interventions, population pressure, inadequate political support and migration. This, together with power imbalances and the uncoordinated interests of multi-stakeholders, predispose the PRB’s watersheds to unsustainable management. This state of affairs will continue to hamper national aspirations to effectively implement IWRM along the PRB. Successful IWRM implementation would allow the country to meet its obligations towards sustainable watershed management. It is recommended that an integrated institutional framework capable of integrating upstream and downstream communities be developed.
Willingness to pay for watershed conservation: are we applying the right paradigm?
(Elsevier Sp. z o.o.) Lalika, M. C. S.; Meire, P.; Ngaga, Y. M.; Sanga, G. J.
Willingness to pay for watershed conservation: are we applying the right paradigm?
(Elsevier Sp. z o.o., 2017) Lalika, M. C. S.; Meire, P.; Ngaga, Y. M.; Sanga, G. J.
The values of watershed services from watersheds has for many years been neglected, underestimated and not factored in land use decisions for sustainable management. Sustainable management of watersheds and environmental friendly economic activities are vital for sustained water flow, steady supply of ecosystem services for societal needs and enhancement of aquatic vegetation and animal species. The problem of the failure to capture actual values of ecosystem services from watersheds and incorporate them in the national income accounting is profound in developing countries which are characterized with constrained budget for financing conservation programs. To resolve this problem attention has moved to market based instruments such as payment for watershed services (PWS). However, the approach to elicit the necessary information for PWS to kick off is still lacking. Furthermore, Ecohydrology, defined as an integrative sustainability science using the interactions between hydrology, biota and natural processes as management tools to reinforce ecosystem services on a broad range of landscapes (Zalewski, 2015) is a basis for the development and application of market-based approaches in watershed conservation. This study investigated small holder farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for watershed services in Pangani River Basin. A contingent valuation method was employed to elicit the willingness to pay for watershed conservation. A probit model was used to determine respondents’ response to WTP and factors conditioning the maximum amount they are WTP. Findings indicates that majority of respondents are willing to pay for watershed services. Similarly, result reveals that marital status, household size and distance from the water source positively influence smallholder farmers’ WTP and the maximum amount to be paid. Equally important occupation, household size, income from irrigation, and amount paid for irrigation were found to negatively influencing smallholder farmers’ WTP. The result also revealed that education level, total land size and yield from irrigated farm plot positively influence smallholder farmers’ WTP. These results therefore, indicate that establishment of PWS is feasible.