Browsing by Author "Mellau, L. S. B."

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Epidemiological investigation into the introduction and factors for spread of Peste des Petits Ruminants, southern Tanzania
Muse, E. A.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Gitao, G. C.; Misinzo, G.; Mellau, L. S. B.; Msoffe, P. L. M.; Swai, E. S.; Albano, M. O.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) outbreak in southern, Tanzania
(RUFORUM) Muse, E. A.; Matondo, R. B.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Misinzo, G.; Mellau, L. S. B.; Msoffe, P. L. M.; Albano, M. O.; Gitao, G. C.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) outbreak in southern, Tanzania
(RUFORUM, 2012) Muse, E. A.; Matondo, R. B.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Misinzo, G.; Mellau, L. S. B.; Msoffe, P. L. M.; Albano, M. O.; Gitao, G. C.
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was first confirmed in Tanzania in 2008, however description of clinical or pathological signs was not carried out although this is important to assist quick identification and reporting of PPR cases by both livestock keepers and field-based animal health workers. A study was therefore conducted to investigate and describe clinical signs and pathological lesions associated with suspected PPR cases in southern Tanzania. It involved history taking and clinical examination of suspected cases of 25 goats and 3 sheep. Post- mortem examination of some cases was performed followed by collection of specimens for histopathological examination. Swabs were also collected for confirmation of PPR by detecting ribonucleic acid using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum samples were analysed using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Severe depression, high fever, anorexia, muco-pulurent nasal discharge, erosive and necrotic stomatitis, mild diarrhoea and skin nodules were major signs suggestive of PPR. Post mortem examination showed evidence of pneumonia including lung congestion and consolidation. RT-PCR confirmed presence of the PPR virus in samples and serum antibodies showed seroprevalence of 31%.
Prevalence and economic significance of bovine fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle at Arusha abattoir, Tanzania
Mwabonimana, M-F; Kassuku, A. A.; Ngowi, H. A.; Mellau, L. S. B.; Nonga, H. E.; Karimuribo, E. D.
Prevalence and economic significance of bovine fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle at Arusha abattoir, Tanzania
(2009) Mwabonimana, M-F; Kassuku, A. A.; Ngowi, H. A.; Mellau, L. S. B.; Nonga, H. E.; Karimuribo, E. D.
The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence and economic significance of fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Arusha abattoir in Tanzania. A 3-year database (2005-2008) from the abattoir was retrieved and analysed. In addition, meat inspection was carried out for one month (July 2008) with focus on Fasciola infection and its associated economic loss due to liver condemnation. Results from the retrospective study revealed that 8302 (6.7%) livers out of 123790 examined livers were condemned due to fasciolosis. Analysis of primary data (meat inspection) showed that 150 of 469 cattle livers condemned were due to fasciolosis, a relative condemnation rate of 32.0% per month. Based on the current local price of liver, the economic loss per month due to liver condemnation was estimated at Tanzania shillings (TZS) 1,800,000/- (approximately US $1,500), which summed to TZS 21,600,000/- (US $18,000) per annum. The specific cause of liver fasciolosis was Fasciola gigantica. These results indicate that F. gigantica infection is an important condition that leads to high liver condemnation rates in cattle slaughtered, resulting into high financial loss. This merits for more extensive epidemiological investigations to better determine the prevalence, economic impact and public health importance of the disease.