Browsing by Author "Mombo, F."
Now showing 1 - 20 of 26
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item Attitude,adoption and economic potentials of Agroforestry in Kilosa District TanzaniaLuumi, F.; Mombo, F.; Senkondo, M.; Makonda, F. B. S.Item Attitude,adoption and economic potentials of Agroforestry in Kilosa District Tanzania(2016-03-25) Luumi, F.; Mombo, F.; Senkondo, M.; Makonda, F. B. S.The paper aimed at describing the existing agroforestry systems and technologies, examining the level of attitudes towards agroforestry, identifying socio factors influencing agroforestry adoption and estimating costs and benefits of agroforestry in Kilosa District. Information and data on agroforestry was obtained by interviewing a random sample of 120 households based upon questionnaire. Results revealed that agroforestry systems practiced were agrosilvopastoral and agrosilvicultural arranged in mixed intercropping, boundary planting and homegardens. A substantial number of respondents had a positive attitude towards commercialization (90% resource conservation (89%) and attitude towards land productivity (82%). Farm labour force, farm size, attitude towards land productivity, commercialization and attitude towards land resource conservation significantly influenced adoption of agroforestry at P < 0.05. The selected agroforestry systems had positive Net Present Value per hectare and Benefit Cost Ratio was greater than one at discount rate of 10% meaning that the systems were economically viable. Internal Rate of Return was higher than the World Bank’s rate of 10% indicating the worth of investing in agroforestry. It is recommended that, the government and development agencies should provide education and training to farmers who are ignorant of the benefits of engaging in agroforestry f agroforestry disseminators should improve the benefits of agroforestry practice since high attitude towards agroforestry were due to the respondents’ perception that investment in agroforestry was associated with more benefits than costs. Increasing the efficiency of agroforestry through technology development, improving marketing systems and credits will improve the economic benefits from agroforestryItem Capturing and explaining preference heterogeneity for wetland management options in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania(Springer Science+Business Media) Speelman, S.; Mombo, F.; Vandermeulen, V.; Phillip, D.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.Item Capturing and explaining preference heterogeneity for wetland management options in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania(Springer Science+Business Media, 2014) Speelman, S.; Mombo, F.; Vandermeulen, V.; Phillip, D.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.Wetland degradation has recently received considerable research attention. Although wetlands are valuable ecosystems, their actual value is difficult to measure because the services they provide often do not have market values. The current study seeks to investigate the preferences for wetland management options in the Kilombero Valley, central Tanzania using choice modeling. The results show that both respondents from the Kilombero Valley and Morogoro Municipality desire improvements in the condition of the wetlands. This indicates that the ongoing degradation is not socially optimal. A second finding is that the preferences for wetland conservation are heterogeneous and can be linked to livelihood characteristics. Communities living in the area, for example, are highly dependent on the wetland for their livelihood and would be impacted by conservation measures. Therefore, in order to reduce the pressure on wetlands, it is necessary and imperative to explore the options for alternative income-generating activities or to focus, for example, on technologies to improve efficiency and effectiveness in crop production.Item Capturing household preferences on solid waste management services in urban areas of developing countries(Scientific Publishing Group) Bigirwa, D.; Mombo, F.Item Capturing household preferences on solid waste management services in urban areas of developing countries(Scientific Publishing Group, 2017) Bigirwa, D.; Mombo, F.Solid waste generation is an increasing global problem. The problem is more pronounced in developing countries due to experienced budget constraints and lack of strong institutions in the management of waste collections and disposals. Local government authorities in Tanzania have made efforts to ensure proper solid waste management especially in urban areas. Despite these initiatives solid waste management is still a key environmental problem in most urban areas of the country. This may be due to non-inclusion of household preferences on solid waste management when designing solid waste management services. A Choice Experiment Method was used in this study to determine household preferences on solid waste management services in order to design sustainable solid waste management services in Kinondoni municipality. The results showed that both low and high income households in Kinondoni Municipality prefer solid waste management services. The mostly preferred solid waste management service attributes were frequency of solid waste collection and use of vehicles while provision of polythene bags attribute was not preferred by households. The findings showed that are high variations in household preferences for solid waste management services caused mainly by socio-economic characteristics such as income. In order to improve solid waste management in Kinondoni municipality, policy makers and solid waste management service providers should incorporate household preferences on solid waste management services when designing these services.Item Conservation and livelihoods: where do we strike a balance to sustain the Wetlands in the Kilombero Valley?(Researchjournali’s) Mombo, F.Item Conservation and livelihoods: where do we strike a balance to sustain the Wetlands in the Kilombero Valley?(Researchjournali’s, 2017-08) Mombo, F.Wetlands deliver goods and services important for people’s welfare. In Kilombero valley where this study was conducted the ecosystem provides fertile lands for crop farming and pasture for grazing local breeds livestock. These tradition practices coupled with unsustainable management strategies lead to undervaluation, overutilization and the decay of wetlands. Basing on conservation values perceived by the Kilombero valley local communities that were determined in the other study trough choice experiment and questionnaire survey, this study aims at estimating the total amount which can be collected from peoples’ willingness to pay (WTP) to improve Kilombero wetlands status, specifically conserving flood plain areas currently used for crop production and un controlled livestock grazing. The results revealed that farmers receive higher incomes when they use the flood plain in crop farming and livestock keeping than if there would be conservation restrictions. This implies that if the wetlands will be completely preserved the cost will be too high to be bearable for these communities and there would be big resistance to cooperate. However the attached conservation values indicate the amount they are willing to give up for conserving wetlands that can be collected as the fees for the specified uses of the wetlands for crop farming and grazing. This is important information for the policy makers and conservators since the amount collected through fees can be channelled to finance conservation activities as throughout this paper.Item Environmental flow case studies: Southern and Eastern Africa(University of Colorado Law School) Tharme, R.; Fouchy, K.; Graas, S.; Conallin, J.; McClain, M.; Mombo, F.Item Environmental flow case studies: Southern and Eastern Africa(University of Colorado Law School, 2016) Tharme, R.; Fouchy, K.; Graas, S.; Conallin, J.; McClain, M.; Mombo, F.Tanzania National Water Policy 2002 Water Resources Management Act (WRMA) No. 11 of 2009 “water for basic human needs will receive highest priority, water for the environment to protect the ecosystems that underpin our water resources will attain second priority and will be reserved” “take into account and give effect to the requirements of the reserve” Kenya Water Resources Management Rules 2007 “establish the reserve based on water resource records and reserve water demand or ecological vulnerability, human vulnerability, local observations of historic drought flows, maintenance of perennial flows and consultations with WUAs” The Water Bill 2014 "reserve, in relation to a water resource, means that quantity and quality of water required (a) to satisfy basic human needs for all people who are or may be supplied from the water resource; and (b) to protect aquatic ecosystems in order to secure ecologically sustainable development and use of the water resource ”Item Historical path of forestry and the role of ‘Ujamaa’ ideology to today’s policy of community forest management in Tanzania(Sokoine University of Agriculture) Silayo, D. A.; Mombo, F.Item Historical path of forestry and the role of ‘Ujamaa’ ideology to today’s policy of community forest management in Tanzania(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2016) Silayo, D. A.; Mombo, F.Tanzania was colonised by the Germany in the late 19 century and after World War II it was put under British mandatory by the United Nations. Later on in 1961, the country got her independence and adopted the capitalistic economy. Through the Arusha Declaration in 1967, it abandoned the capitalistic and adopted a socialistic policy to guide her socio-economic development. This policy was named ‘Ujamaa’ (family-hood) because it had more emphasis on African socialistic cooperation. Socialism was pursued by Julius K. Nyerere who was the first president of Tanzania. This review explored the forest management path from pre-colonial period to the today’s regime where community forest is a main concept. It was adopted by the Tanzanian forest policies of 1998 and reviesed in 2012. The study revealed that colonialism and introduction of Christianity diluted the traditional systems that were used by most communities for management of forests. During Ujamaa and resettlement of isolated rural populations in central villages more forests were cleared to meet immediate wood demands. Rural dwellers lost control of their traditional land and lost lives due to diseases and wild animals. Despite these shortfalls, socialism/Ujamaa created a platform for better forest management through political stability, decentralised governance and decreased levels of forest-based resources dependency especially for food and medicines. Forests managed under Ujamaa village governments had better conditions than the rest of forests. Ujamaa was the basis for community resource management of today. The first policy with community participation concept was enacted in 1998 and the forest sector was the pioneer of this. Consequently we can conclude that, together with external influence, Ujamaa formed a basis for Participatory forest Management (PFM) in Tanzania.Item Payments for ecosystem services incentives and adoption of land use interventions in Uluguru mountains, Tanzania(Scientific Research Publishing Inc.) Kagata, L.; Mombo, F.; Massawe, F. A.Item Payments for ecosystem services incentives and adoption of land use interventions in Uluguru mountains, Tanzania(Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2018) Kagata, L.; Mombo, F.; Massawe, F. A.The role played by Payments for ecosystem services (PES) in promoting land use interventions is increasingly being recognized as an important instrument for changing land use management worldwide. Despite the increase, adoption of land use interventions promoted by PES and factors influencing it are not well understood. This study was carried out to assess the adoption of land use interventions promoted by PES scheme four years after its implementation in the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania. The specific objectives of this study were to assess the adoption and factors that influenced it. The study employed questionnaire survey method to collect data from 219 households selected randomly. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were also conducted to complement information obtained through questionnaire surveys. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse quantitative data obtained, while content analysis was applied to qualitative data. Results revealed that during the project implementation, 40% of the households did not adopt any of the promoted interventions. Unexpectedly, four years after the project ended, every household sampled had adopted the interventions. Households headed by younger heads and those with land ownership, households which received PES incentives and lived for a long time in the same area and those with more labour force and access to extension services were found to have adopted more interventions (p ≤ 0.05). Thus, the study concludes that socioeconomic characteristics, agricultural extension services and incentives initially provided to farmers are key factors influencing the adoption of land use interventions. Therefore, it is recommended to the government that it should support farmers to get land tenure and to provide them with more incentives to improve their farms through adopting technologies.Item Politics of REDD: What are communities’ expectations on access and benefit sharing under REDD pilot projects in Tanzania?(PRIME JOURNAL) Shemdoe, R. S.; Kibassa, D.; Mshana, E. S.; Kingazi, S.; Mombo, F.Item Ratification of the Ramsar convention and sustainable wetlands management: Situation analysis of the Kilombero Valley wetlands in Tanzania(Academic Journals) Mombo, F.; Speelman, S.; Huylenbroeck, G. V.; Hella, J.; Pantaleo, M.Item Ratification of the Ramsar convention and sustainable wetlands management: Situation analysis of the Kilombero Valley wetlands in Tanzania(Academic Journals, 2011) Mombo, F.; Speelman, S.; Huylenbroeck, G. V.; Hella, J.; Pantaleo, M.In recent years, the Kilombero Valley wetlands in Tanzania was designated and added to the Ramsar convention’s list in an attempt to improve its social, economic and environmental values. This study, carried out in selected sites within the Kilombero Valley wetlands, uses a participatory approach to analyze the existing situation and to reflect upon the quest for sustainable management as defined by Ramsar convention. The empirical findings reveal that the Kilombero Valley wetlands are an important source of livelihood for 87% of the dwellers in the area. Moreover, the wetlands also contribute significantly to welfare outside the area as 70% of the country’s hydropower depends on water regulation functions of this wetland and they are the source of a diverse number of streams, adding to their biological and ecological value. The study furthermore revealed that the current institutional arrangement for the site threaten the sustainability of the wetlands, despite its addition to the Ramsar convention’s list. A more detailed study on appropriate incentive mechanisms for the sustainable management of the wetlands, which would help to internalize the negative effects created by the users, is recommended.Item Scope for introducing payments for ecosystem services as a strategy to reduce deforestation in the Kilombero wetlands catchment areaMombo, F.; Lusambo, L.; Speelman, S.; Buysse, J; Munishi, P.; Huylenbroeck, G . V.Item Stakeholder enhanced environmental flow assessment: The Rufiji Basin case study in Tanzania(Wiley Online Library) O’Keeffe, J.; Graas, S.; Mombo, F.; McClain, M.Item Starter document -social study: Consultancy service for envronmental flow assessment of the Kilombero Sub-Basin(CDM International, Inc. (CDM Smith)) Mombo, F.