Browsing by Author "Muhanga, Mikidadi"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13

Effects of decentralization on the functionality of health facility governing committees in lower and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review
(Taylor & Francis, 2022-05-02) Kesale, Anosisye M.; Mahonge, Christopher; Muhanga, Mikidadi
Background: Health facility governing committees (HFGCs) were established by lower and middle-income countries (LMICs) to facilitate community participation at the primary facility level to improve health system performance. However, empirical evidence on their effects under decentralization reform on the functionality of HFGCs is scant and inconclusive. Objective: This article reviews the effects of decentralization on the functionality of HFGCs in LMICs. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using various search engines to obtain a total number of 24 relevant articles from 14 countries published between 2000 and 2020. Inclusion criteria include studies must be on community health committees, carried out under decentralization, HFGCs operating at the individual facility, effects of HFGCs on health performance or health outcomes and peer-reviewed empirical studies conducted in LMICs. Results: The study has found varied functionality of HFGCs under a decentralization context. The study has found many HFGCs to have very low functionality, while a few HFGCs in other LMICs countries are performing very well. The context and decentralization type, members’ awareness of their roles, membership allowance and availability of resource to the facility in which HFGCs operate to produce the desired outcomes play a significant role in facilitating/ limiting them to effectively carry out the devolved duties and responsibilities. Conclusion: Fiscal decentralization has largely been seen as important in making health committees more autonomous, even though it does not guarantee the performance of HFGCs.
Factors influencing transient poverty among maasai pastoralists households in semi-arid areas of Simanjiro district, Tanzania
(The Sub-Saharan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSJSSH)) Cosmas, Eutropia; Ngowi, Edwin; Ng’winamila, Kasongi; Muhanga, Mikidadi
Health Literacy and Health Behaviour under One Health Approach in Tanzania: Connecting the Connected or Connecting the Unconnected?
Muhanga, Mikidadi
Health Literacy and Health Behaviour under One Health Approach in Tanzania: Connecting the Connected or Connecting the Unconnected?
(2020-10-10) Muhanga, Mikidadi
Globally, health literacy (HL) has been reported to stand as a driver to health behavioural changes. Despite efforts to educate people to enhance the knowledge and skills on health-related matters to improve health literacy, consequently enabling and encouraging individuals to make healthier lifestyle choices, sometimes, there has been notable health impairing behaviours. Definitely, in such circumstances, HL by itself has been observed to fail to drive such behavioural changes. This assumes that there are drivers together with or beyond HL towards behavioural changes. This cross-sectional study assessed HL and its influence on health behaviour (HB) under One Health Approach in Morogoro, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was employed for data collection from 1440 respondents acquired through a multistage sampling procedure. A tool was developed to assess HL, an index of score gauged HB, and Likert scale was used to assess attitudes towards HB. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS v20 software. The study revealed, about one-third of the respondents (32.9%) had adequate HL, (30.8%) moderate HL and (36.3%) with inadequate HL; 40% had health-enhancing behaviours and 60% with health impairing behaviours. A significant association (health literacy*health behaviour, p=0.000; was observed. The results further revealed that 30% had unfavourable attitudes towards health impairing behaviours, and attitude was significantly found to associate with behaviours (p=0.000). It is concluded that attitudes towards health impairing behaviours affect the way HL can influence HB. This study recommends strengthening efforts to enhance health information dissemination through health education focusing on culture as the context that informs behaviours.
Health Literacy and Health Behaviour under One Health Approach in Tanzania: Connecting the Connected or Connecting the Unconnected?
(Moshi University of Cooperatives) Muhanga, Mikidadi
Health Literacy and Health Behaviour under One Health Approach in Tanzania: Connecting the Connected or Connecting the Unconnected?
(Moshi University of Cooperatives, 2020-10-20) Muhanga, Mikidadi
Globally, health literacy (HL) has been reported to stand as a driver to health behavioural changes. Despite efforts to educate people to enhance the knowledge and skills on health-related matters to improve health literacy, consequently enabling and encouraging individuals to make healthier lifestyle choices,sometimes, there has been notable health impairing behaviours. Definitely, in such circumstances, HL by itself has been observed to fail to drive such behavioural changes. This assumes that there are drivers together with or beyond HL towards behavioural changes. This cross-sectional study assessed HL and its influence on health behaviou r (HB) under One Health Approach in Morogoro, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was employed for data collection from 1440 respondents acquired through a multistage sampling procedure.A too l was developed to assess HL, an index of score gauged HB, and Likert scale was used to assess attitudes towards HB. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS v20 software. The study revealed, about one-third of the respondents (32.9%) had adequate HL, (30.8%) moderate HL and (36.3%) with inadequate HL; 40% had health-enhancing behaviours and 60% with health impairing behaviours. A significant association(health literacy*health behaviour, p=0.000;was observed. The results further revealed that 30% had unfavourable attitudes towards health impairing behaviours, and attitude was significantly foundto associate with behaviours (p=0.000).It is concluded that attitudes towards health impairing behaviours affect the way HL can influence HB.This study recommends strengthening efforts to enhance health information dissemination through health education focusing on culture as the context that informs behaviours
Public-private partnership supported health facilities and progress towards attainment of universal health coverage in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
(Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences) Kanti, Kimario; Kayunze, Kim; Muhanga, Mikidadi
Public-private partnerships in the provision of healthcare services for sustainable development in Tanzania: A systematic literature review
Kimario, Kanti; Kayunze, Kim; Muhanga, Mikidadi
Public-private partnerships in the provision of healthcare services for sustainable development in Tanzania: A systematic literature review
(2020-10-10) Kimario, Kanti; Kayunze, Kim; Muhanga, Mikidadi
This article reviews the literature on the concept and practice of public-private partnership (PPP). Specifically, the paper reviews theoretical aspects of the concept and practice of PPP and the rationale and potential of PPP in the provision of healthcare services for sustainable development in Tanzania. Using a documentary review research method, different search engines and databases were used in information search from peer-reviewed journals, conference papers, among others. The search strategy involved keywords such as 'Tanzanian healthcare', 'healthcare', 'health insurance', 'public-private partnerships', 'sustainable healthcare provision' and 'sustainable development goals'.The literature search identified a total of 1,600 articles associated with a set of specific search terms. Only fifty (50) studies met the final criteria for review. Articles included were those published from the year 2000 to the present. PPPs are potentially essential tools to increase the delivery of public goods and services because the private sector is capable of complementing resources from the government. Private sector investors can substantially participate in the achievement of SDGs by complementing the available public physical and non-physical resources such as finances, expertise, health sector workforce, and readiness for risk-taking. PPP in the health sector needs to be promoted because sustainable development needs a healthy population, which needs access to essential healthcare services to live healthily
The what, why, and how of health information systems: a systematic review
(The Sub-Saharan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSJSSH)) Haule, Christiana D.; Muhanga, Mikidadi; Ngowi, Edwin
The what, why, and how of health information systems: a systematic review
(The Sub-Saharan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSJSSH), 2022) Haule, Christiana D.; Muhanga, Mikidadi; Ngowi, Edwin
The literature on the topic of health information systems (HISs) is reviewed in this paper. Specifically, the paper reviews the literature on (i) the theoretical concept of HISs (The What), (ii) the rationale, purposes, and importance (The Why), and (iii) the operationalization of the HISs (The How). For this systematic review, we searched Research Gate, Science Direct, Google Scholar, JSTOR, ProQuest, Scopus, PMC, BMJ, PubMed, and published documents by World Health Organization (WHO). Only 35 articles out of 1,400 articles identified were included in the study depending on the 3 contextualised questions i.e., the what, why, and how of the HISs. Literature published between 1960 and 2021 were considered in the review as the concept of HIS was introduced in the 1960s, excluding literature published before the 1960s and non-English publications. Generally, the HISs is one of the six pillars that make up a strong health system, designed to collect, process, store and manage health information. The main goal of the HISs is to deliver quality services. The importance of these systems includes quick access to medical records, sharing of patient information, reducing paperwork, reducing medical errors, improve the quality of care. Therefore, there is a great need to promote this concept, taking into account its rationale, purposes, and importance of it in the health care system.
The what, why, and how of health information systems: A systematic review
(College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), 2022-06-26) Haule, Christiana D.; Muhanga, Mikidadi; Ngowi, Edwin
The literature on the topic of health information systems (HISs) is reviewed in this paper. Specifically, the paper reviews the literature on (i) the theoretical concept of HISs (The What), (ii) the rationale, purposes, and importance (The Why), and (iii) the operationalization of the HISs (The How). For this systematic review, we searched Research Gate, Science Direct, Google Scholar, JSTOR, ProQuest, Scopus, PMC, BMJ, PubMed, and published documents by World Health Organization (WHO). Only 35 articles out of 1,400 articles identified were included in the study depending on the 3 contextualised questions i.e., the what, why, and how of the HISs. Literature published between 1960 and 2021 were considered in the review as the concept of HIS was introduced in the 1960s, excluding literature published before the 1960s and non-English publications. Generally, the HISs is one of the six pillars that make up a strong health system, designed to collect, process, store and manage health information. The main goal of the HISs is to deliver quality services. The importance of these systems includes quick access to medical records, sharing of patient information, reducing paperwork, reducing medical errors, improve the quality of care. Therefore, there is a great need to promote this concept, taking into account its rationale, purposes, and importance of it in the health care system.
Trends in prevalence and factors associated with unintended pregnancies in Zambia (2001–2018)
(BMC, 2024) Sikaluzwe, Milika; Phiri, Million; Lemba, Musonda; Shasha, Liness; Muhanga, Mikidadi
Background Unintended pregnancies can pose significant public health concerns for both maternal and child health because of their associated risks and implications. Experience of unintended pregnancies may lead to delay in seeking antenatal care, thus leading to increased risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Globally, the prevalence of unintended pregnancies has declined. However, the problem remains acute in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was conducted to examine the factors associated with an experience of unintended pregnancy among women of reproductive ages in Zambia. Methods This study used secondary data from the Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHSs) which were conducted between 2001 and 2018. A pooled weighted sample of 4,090 pregnant women of reproductive age 15–49 years at the time of the survey was included in the analysis. Multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to examine the association between independent correlates and experience of unintended pregnancy. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata software. Results Findings show that the proportion of women of reproductive age who experienced unintended pregnancy in Zambia declined from 50.4% (95% CI: 47.1, 53.8) in 2001 to 45.2% (95% CI: 40.5, 49.9) in 2018. The decline in the prevalence of unintended pregnancy is more pronounced among women age groups 25–29 years and 30–34 years. Increasing age was associated with an increased risk of experiencing unintended pregnancies. On the other hand, women who were living in rural areas (aOR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.00) and those with tertiary education (aOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.80) were less likely to experience an unintended pregnancy. Women who desired a large family (aOR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.85) and those who watched television (aOR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.94) had lower odds of experiencing unintended pregnancies. Conclusions The study has established that the prevalence of unintended pregnancy is still high in Zambia. Women’s age, place of residence, level of education, desired family size and exposure to media were associated with the risk of experiencing an unintended pregnancy. Enhancing access to family planning services and commodities targeting women with low education levels will be key to further reduce unintended pregnancies.