Browsing by Author "Munishi, Pantaleo"

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Characterization of some typical soils of the miombo woodland ecosystem of Kitonga Forest Reserve, Iringa, Tanzania: physico-chemical properties and classification
(Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology) Shelukindo, Hassan Bashiru; Msanya, B. M.; Semu, Ernest; Mwango, Sibaway Bakari; Singh, Bal Ram; Munishi, Pantaleo
Climate change adaptation in Africa: fostering resilience and capacity to adapt
(Springer International Publishing AG, 2017) Filho, Walter Leal; Simane, Belay; Kalangu, Jokasha; Wuta, Menas; Munishi, Pantaleo; Musiyiwa, Kumbirai
It is widely known that Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate change. As the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has shown, climate change is expected to have widespread impacts on African societies and Africans’ interaction with the natural environment. There are also signs that the impacts of climate change are already being felt, not only in terms of increases in temperature, but also in respect of agriculture (with lower crop yields) and the availability of water resources, among others. The links between climate change and the incidence of diseases such as malaria are also becoming clearer. The above state of affairs illustrates the need for a better understanding of how climate change affects African countries, and for the identification of processes, methods and tools which may help African nations to adapt. There is also a per- ceived need to showcase successful examples of how to cope with the social, economic and political problems posed by climate change in Africa. It is against this background that the “Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation in Africa” was organised by Manchester Metropolitan University (UK), Addis Ababa University, the Research and Transfer Centre “Applications of Life Sciences” of the Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (Germany) and the International Climate Change Information Programme (ICCIP). The Symposium, held in Addis Ababa in February 2016, was a truly interdisciplinary event, mobilising African and non-African scholars undertaking research and/or executing climate change projects in the African continent. This book, which contains a set of papers presented at the Symposium, focuses on “Fostering African Resilience and Capacity to Adapt”, meaning that it will serve the purpose of showcasing experiences from research, field projects and best practice in climate change adaptation in African countries, which may be useful or implemented in other countries in the continent. Consistent with the need for more cross-sectoral interactions among the various stakeholders working in the field of climate change adaptation in the African continent, this book aims to: i. provide research institutions, universities, NGOs and enterprises from Africa and those working in Africa with an opportunity to display and present their works in the field of climate change adaptation; ii. foster the exchange of information, ideas and experiences acquired in the execution of climate change adaptation projects, especially successful initia- tives and good practice across the African continent; iii. introduce methodological approaches and experiences deriving from case studies and projects, which aim to show how climate change adaptation may be implemented in practice; and iv. to network African and non-African experts, and provide a platform so they can explore possibilities for cooperation. Last but not least, a further aim of this book is to document and disseminate the wealth of experiences available today. This book is divided into two parts: • Part 1 contains papers that describe the adaptation methods and approaches. • Part 2 entails institutional experiences on adaptation, as well as case studies, examples of projects and of good practice We thank the authors for their willingness to share their knowledge, know-how and experiences, as well as the many peer reviewers, which have helped us to ensure the quality of the manuscripts. Thanks are also due to Magdalena Salewski for her valuable support for the manuscripts. Enjoy your reading!
Differentiated livelihoods, local institutions, and the adaptation imperative: assessing climate change adaptation policy in Tanzania
(Elsevier) Smucker, Thomas A.; Wisner, Ben; Mascarenhas, Adolfo; Munishi, Pantaleo; Wangui, Elizabeth E.; Sinha, Gaurav; Weiner, Daniel; Bwenge, Charles; Lovell, Eric
Differentiated livelihoods, local institutions, and the adaptation imperative: assessing climate change adaptation policy in Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2014-10-02) Smucker, Thomas A.; Wisner, Ben; Mascarenhas, Adolfo; Munishi, Pantaleo; Wangui, Elizabeth E.; Sinha, Gaurav; Weiner, Daniel; Bwenge, Charles; Lovell, Eric
This paper interrogates the framings and priorities of adaptation in Tanzania’s climate policy and examines the implications for the role of local institutions and differentiated rural populations in climate change adaptation. Although Tanzania lacks a ‘‘stand alone’’ climate policy, Tanzania’s National Adapta- tion Programme of Action (NAPA) and National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) provide the most com- prehensive statements of the central government’s framing of adaptation and its priorities with regard to adaptation. In assessing discursive framings of adaptation, we find that the dominant policy discourse constructs an anti-politics of adaptation through its framing of climate change as an urgent and general- ized threat to development while failing sufficiently to address the complex governance and social equity dimensions of climate change adaptation. The technocratic prescriptions of Tanzania’s NAPA and NCSS converge with similar prescriptions found in Tanzania’s national development policies, such as the major agricultural development initiative Kilimo Kwanza. Adaptation challenges identified by communities in Mwanga District demonstrate complex local institutional and resource tenure questions that are not addressed in climate policy but which require policy attention if social equity in climate change adapta- tion is to be achieved.
Illegal wildlife trade: trade flows of wildlife Products and facilitation methods in the Ruaha Landscape, Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing) Mrosso, Hillary Thomas; Kicheleri, Rose Peter; Kashaigili, Japhet Joel; Munishi, Pantaleo; Kadigi, Reuben Mpuya Joseph; Mgeni, Charles Peter; Kimaro, Michael Honorati
Illegal wildlife trade: trade flows of wildlife Products and facilitation methods in the Ruaha Landscape, Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2022) Mrosso, Hillary Thomas; Kicheleri, Rose Peter; Kashaigili, Japhet Joel; Munishi, Pantaleo; Kadigi, Reuben Mpuya Joseph; Mgeni, Charles Peter; Kimaro, Michael Honorati
Tanzania’s Ruaha landscape is prominent for its potential wildlife resources, which play a key role in sustaining the economy and livelihoods of the people. However, most of these resources are illegally obtained and traded in differ- ent places within and outside the Ruaha landscape. Due to its illegal nature, most of the important information regarding the trade is poorly documented. Therefore, the current study aimed first, to explore the origin and destina- tion of wildlife products; second, to assess the relationship between hunters and buyers or customers; third, to assess the means used to transport wildlife products; and lastly, to assess who influences people to engage in illegal hunt- ing and trade activities. In addition, we assess the materials used in the ex- change of wildlife products. Semi-structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used to collect information from 123 respondents. Social network analysis was used to indicate the origin and destination of wildlife products. The findings show that 70% of wildlife products originate from the Ruaha National Park and MBOMIPA wildlife management areas, with the remaining 30% originating from villages. The majority of respondents (65%) reported transporting wildlife products by foot and bicycle as the primary modes of transportation. Suppliers of wildlife products are reported to have close and long-term relationships with their customers and traders, with most of whom being friends and relatives. We found most poachers to be influ- enced by their friends and relatives in terms making decision to engage in il- legal wildlife trade. In addition, crops like maize and rice were the most pop- ular products used to exchange with wildlife products in the Ruaha landscape. Therefore, in order to combat illegal trade in wildlife products at the local level, alternative income-generating activities need to be promoted accompa- nied by not only well-funded anti-poaching programmes but also more effec- tive surveillance plans. These should entail the use of advanced techniques and skills, such as wildlife forensics.
Illegal wildlife trade: trade flows of wildlife products and facilitation methods in the Ruaha Landscape, Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2022) Mrosso, Hillary Thomas; Kicheleri, Rose Peter; Kashaigili, Japhet Joel; Munishi, Pantaleo; Kadigi, Reuben Mpuya Joseph; Mgeni, Charles Peter; Kimaro, Michael Honorati
Tanzania’s Ruaha landscape is prominent for its potential wildlife resources, which play a key role in sustaining the economy and livelihoods of the people. However, most of these resources are illegally obtained and traded in differ- ent places within and outside the Ruaha landscape. Due to its illegal nature, most of the important information regarding the trade is poorly documented. Therefore, the current study aimed first, to explore the origin and destina- tion of wildlife products; second, to assess the relationship between hunters and buyers or customers; third, to assess the means used to transport wildlife products; and lastly, to assess who influences people to engage in illegal hunt- ing and trade activities. In addition, we assess the materials used in the ex- change of wildlife products. Semi-structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used to collect information from 123 respondents. Social network analysis was used to indicate the origin and destination of wildlife products. The findings show that 70% of wildlife products originate from the Ruaha National Park and MBOMIPA wildlife management areas, with the remaining 30% originating from villages. The majority of respondents (65%) reported transporting wildlife products by foot and bicycle as the primary modes of transportation. Suppliers of wildlife products are reported to have close and long-term relationships with their customers and traders, with most of whom being friends and relatives. We found most poachers to be influ- enced by their friends and relatives in terms making decision to engage in il- legal wildlife trade. In addition, crops like maize and rice were the most pop- ular products used to exchange with wildlife products in the Ruaha landscape. Therefore, in order to combat illegal trade in wildlife products at the local level, alternative income-generating activities need to be promoted accompa- nied by not only well-funded anti-poaching programmes but also more effec- tive surveillance plans. These should entail the use of advanced techniques and skills, such as wildlife forensics.
Land cover change and carbon emissions over 100 years in an African biodiversity hotspot
Willcock, Simon; Phillips, Oliver L.; Platts, Philip J.; Swetnam, Ruth D.; Balmford, Andrew; Burgess, Neil D.; Ahrends, Antje; Bayliss, Julian; Doggart, Nike; Doody, Kathryn; Fanning, Eibleis; Green, Jonathan; Hall, Jaclyn; Howell, Kim; Lovett, Jon C.; Marchant, Rob A.; Marshall, Andrew R.; Mbilinyi, Boniface P.; Munishi, Pantaleo; Owen, Nisha; Jørgensen, Elmer T.; Lewis, Simon L.
Linking science with stakeholders to sustain natural capital
Mwakalila, Shadrack; Burgess, Neil; Ricketts, Taylor; Olwero, Nasser; Swetnam, Ruth; Mbilinyi, Boniface; Marchant, Rob; Mtalo, Felix; White, Sue; Munishi, Pantaleo; Marshall, Andrew; Malimbwi, Rogers; Smith, Celina; Jambiya, George; Marshall, Andrew; Madoffe, Seif; Fisher, Brendan; Kajembe, George; Morse-Jones, Sian; Kulindwa, Kassim; Green, Jonathan; Balmford, Andrew
Linking science with stakeholders to sustain natural capital
(2007) Mwakalila, Shadrack; Burgess, Neil; Ricketts, Taylor; Olwero, Nasser; Swetnam, Ruth; Mbilinyi, Boniface; Marchant, Rob; Mtalo, Felix; White, Sue; Munishi, Pantaleo; Marshall, Andrew; Malimbwi, Rogers; Smith, Celina; Jambiya, George; Marshall, Andrew; Madoffe, Seif; Fisher, Brendan; Kajembe, George; Morse-Jones, Sian; Kulindwa, Kassim; Green, Jonathan; Balmford, Andrew
Phylogeographic History and Taxonomy of Some Afro-Alpine Grasses Assessed Based On Aflps and Morphometry: Deschampsia Cespitosa, D. Angusta and Koeleria Capensis
(Springer Link) Masao, Catherine A.; Gizaw, Abel; Piñeiro, Rosalía; Tusiime, Felly M.; Wondimu, Tigist; Abdi, Ahmed A.; Popp, Magnus; Gussarova, Galina; Lye, Kåre A.; Munishi, Pantaleo; Nemomissa, Sileshi; Brochmann, Christian
Quantifying and understanding carbon storage and sequestration within the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania, a tropical biodiversity hotspot
Willcock, Simon; Phillips, Oliver L.; Platts, Philip J.; Balmford, Andrew; Burgess, Neil D.; Lovett, Jon C.; Ahrends, Antje; Bayliss, Julian; Doggart, Nike; Doody, Kathryn; Fanning, Eibleis; Green, Jonathan; Hall, Jaclyn; Howell, Kim; Marchant, Rob A.; Marshall, Andrew R.; Mbilinyi, Boniface P.; Munishi, Pantaleo; Owen, Nisha; Swetnam, Ruth D.; Jørgensen, Elmer T.; Lewis, Simon L.
REDD herrings or REDD menace: response to beymer-farris and bassett
(Elsevier) Munishi, Pantaleo; Burgess, Neil D.; Mwakalila, Shadrack; Marion, Pfeifer; Willcock, Simon; Shirima, Deo; Hamidu, Seki; Bulenga, George B; Jason, Rubens; Haji, Machano; Rob, Marchant
The extent of adoption of agroforestry systems and practices and conservation implications in Kilombero district, Tanzania
(East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry, 2022-07-25) Nnko, Lazaro Elibariki; Kashaigili, Japhet Joel; Monela, Gerald Cladius; Munishi, Pantaleo; Lyimo, Paul John; Nyemo, Chilagane
Agroforestry systems and practices are perceived to improve livelihood and sustainable management of natural resources. However, factors influencing their adoption in various regions require further investigation as they differ in biophysical conditions and societal characteristics. This study was conducted in Kilombero district to investigate factors influencing the adoption of different agroforestry systems and practices in agro-ecosystems and farming systems. Household surveys, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used in data collection. Descriptive statistics and Multinomial Regression Analysis in SPSS were used for data analysis. Results show that Agrosilvopasture and Agrosilviculture systems were the dominant agroforestry systems while the home garden and Mixed Intercropping were the dominant agroforestry practice. There is a potential in agroforestry systems and practices in terms of product diversification and biodiversity conservation though their adoption differed given the influence of different factors. Different factors were statistically significant as predictors of the adoption of agroforestry systems and practices. Resident period, availability of extension education/services, resident type and gender were the dominant factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry systems and practices. Farmers' oriented factors were critical in the adoption of agroforestry systems and practices. The study concludes that the practice of agroforestry will be more successful if the local priorities including socio- economic characteristics of the society are considered in designing systems and practices. Socio-economic characteristics of the communities that factor in conservation priorities should be addressed in the process of expanding the adoption of agroforestry systems and practices. The study recommends that productive systems and practices that contribute to household food and income are better adopted.
Towards Regional, Error-Bounded Landscape Carbon Storage Estimates for Data-Deficient Areas of the World
Willcock, Simon; Phillips, Oliver L.; Platts, Philip J.; Balmford, Andrew; Burgess, Neil D.; Lovett, Jon C.; Ahrends, Antje; Bayliss, Julian; Doggart, Nike; Doody, Kathryn; Fanning, Eibleis; Green, Jonathan; Hall, Jaclyn; Howell, Kim; Marchant, Rob A.; Marshall, Andrew R.; Mbilinyi, Boniface P.; Munishi, Pantaleo; Owen, Nisha; Swetnam, Ruth D.; Jørgensen, Elmer T.; Lewis, Simon L.