Browsing by Author "Nzunda, Emmanuel F"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Costs and benefits of establishment of ngarambe-tapika wildlife Management area to livelihoods of adjacent community
    (2021) Mdendemi, Rose Gerald; Nzunda, Emmanuel F
    Establishment of wildlife management areas (WMA) may have costs and benefits depending on the underlying arrangements. This study was carried out to assess costs and benefits of establishment of Ngarambe-Tapika WMA, in Rufiji District, Tanzania. The data were obtained through interviews with key informants, questionnaire survey and focus group discussions and analyzed by content analysis and benefit- cost evaluation. The study revealed that cultivation and firewood collection were the major livelihood activities carried out before establishment of Ngarambe-Tapika WMA and which were not allowed after the establishment. The benefit-cost ratio is less than 1, implying that that the benefits they were receiving is low as compared to the costs they were generated before establish of WMA. Most respondents depends on agriculture activities as a major economic activity and source of income but this activities had been interfered with wild animals that raid their crops hence increases cost of living of adjacent community. The incidences of crop damage increase yearly due to increasing number of wildlife as a result of better conservation afforded by WMA establishment. It is recommended to address problem of resource access within the WMA. The village governments should set aside special days to allow local communities to harvest dead trees and/or medicinal plants under the supervision of village government. A long-term solution is to advocate the establishment of community forests in each village or households to have forest lots around their farms which could save the multi-purpose role of provision of firewood/timber and also act as farm boundaries. The responsible authorities should find a way of compensating those who are affected by wildlife especially when come into issue of crop damage. To minuses some costs of living and increase benefits it is recommended to improved relationship among investors, local communities and WMA staff, the need to involve local communities in major decisions affecting their livelihood, improvement of business contracts, need for investors to follow village rules and regulation, awareness education and empowerment of local communities should be adhered. Furthermore, the study recommends that efforts should be made to ensure that income generating from Ngarambe-Tapika WMA trickle down to household and/or individual level because most who are affected is individuals. And this can be achieved through increased employment of local community and better pay for the employment in activities related to WMA.
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    Effects of drivers and their variations on the number of stems and aboveground carbon removals in miombo woodlands of mainland Tanzania
    (BMC) Manyanda, Bernardol John; Nzunda, Emmanuel F; Mugasha, Wilson Ancelm; Malimbwi, Rogers Ernest
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    Estimates of volume and carbon stock removals in miombo Woodlands of mainland Tanzania
    Manyanda, Bernardol John; Nzunda, Emmanuel F; Mugasha, Wilson Ancelm; Malimbwi, Rogers Ernest
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    Participatory land use planning policy Implementation in Ulanga district, Tanzania: Assessment of zoes sufficiency
    (2021) Naiposha, Margaret N; Nzunda, Emmanuel F; Kashaigili, Japhet J
    Land use plans have been considered as a solution to land use problems and hence enhance ecological, economic and social sustainability of land use. Appropriateness of land use plans and hence its potential for adherence may rely on sufficiency of zones allocated for different land uses. This study was designed to empirically identify land use implementation problems and suggest solutions relevant to the land users, the government, planners and other stakeholders. Specifically, the study assesses: (1) The extent to which the land use zones cover all zones needed by the stakeholders and; (2) Reasons for levels of sufficiency of the allocated land use zones. Data were collected through household survey of 120 respondents from two villages, key informants, focus group discussions and field observation survey while secondary data were collected through review of guidelines for land use planning, village land use plans, district land use framework, books and journals. Information used to assess sufficiency of land use zones used in Village Land Use Plans (VLUP) from household survey and village records were descriptively analysed. The implementation of village land use plans was not done as expected. Land use zones were insufficient in terms of the allocated size and needs within the zones for current and future situation. Overall the insufficiency of the land use zones was reported by 90% of the respondents. For individual land use zones the insufficiency was reported by the following percentages of the respondents: 95.0% for residential zone, 89.2% for agriculture zone, 96.7 for grazing zone, 25.2 for forest zone, 0% for wildlife management area, 0% for wildlife corridor and 0% for wetland. The reasons for insufficiency of the land use zones were increasing population, overstocking, and lack of infrastructure necessary within specific zones. Other factors included inadequate consideration for uncertainties in population projection standard, unclear zoning regulation and discrepancy in population data. Based on the findings and conclusions, this study makes the following recommendations. First, the National Land Use Planning Commission should devise mechanisms to ensure that all the six steps of land use planning are completed towards implementable land use plans. Secondly, the national land use planning commission should review zoning standards to sufficiently allocate the land use zones. The population projections used for future allocation of land had influence on the sufficiency of the zones where the rate of population increase is assumed to be fixed throughout the ten years implementation period without consideration of uncertainties. It is worth incorporating GIS to establish trend of land use and forecast future land use to sufficiently allocate land during the 10 years lifespan of the VLUP. Thirdly, the national land use planning commission need to validate spatial data and population data at village level to avoid discrepancies which affect implementation of the village land use plans.