A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Public Administration (MPA) of Mzumbe University Dar es Salaam Campus College.Gender issues arise and are caused by gender gaps. Gender gaps do not arise accidentally; they are a result of systematic negative discrimination against one gender. The principles and rules of this type of discrimination are reflected in both institutional framework of the society starting from the house hold. This study focused on what influences the efforts of gender mainstreaming. The study adopted a descriptive survey and was descriptive in nature. The research provided clearly defined information and the findings were conclusive. The study was carried out in Butiama district council where the girls do not have equal chance of education compared to their male counter parts. The study discovered that, home environment, parental attitude and school environment make it difficult for gender mainstreaming to be achieved Data were collected from written documents by the use of questionnaires which were filled well by the respondents and the return was good. Some of the data were collected through interview hence a combination of answers gave a good source of information which reflected the real situation intended by the study. The collected data were then analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The data was represented using bar-graphs, pie charts, frequency tables and percentages. The researcher grouped the challenges into major groups as follows. The findings indicated that; firstly, social-cultural beliefs and practices especially pregnancies which were regarded girls own faults. Secondly, lack of role model to give a clear picture of the importance of education to girls. Thirdly, gender biased socialization in school. While assertive behavior is promoted among boys, passive behavior is encouraged among girls. The fourth group was that of economic factors. Despite the abolition of school fees by the government, parents are still burdened by other indirect contributions like that of watchmen salaries. Lastly, parental attitudes. Parents who have attended school have greater influence on their children progress than those who did not attend school Conclusively, the recommendations and suggestions therefore are that; to have an emphasis on gender sensitization for teachers, pupils, and the society at large to create awareness of mainstreaming. To remove the social, cultural, and economical negative perception on girls/women will make mainstreaming achievable.