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SMEs contribute positively to economic growth, employment and poverty alleviation in
Tanzania. However, the failure rate of SMEs is very high in Tanzania. One of the factors
limiting the survival and growth of SMEs in Tanzania is non-availability of enough
financial services. Considerably, the Government of Tanzania through the current reforms
has resulted in liberalization of the financial sector to a great extent. This has led to
establishment of a number of banks including the Micro Finance Bank, liberalization of
financial rates and establishment of a stock exchange market. In spite of all efforts done,
the SME sector is still facing a major constraint in accessing finance.
A survey of the literature on financing small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs)
indicates a significant gap in knowledge of the determinants of access to finance by
the SMEs in developing countries, including Tanzania. This study, therefore,
examined the determinants of the access to bank finance in Small and medium sized
enterprises in Tanzania. Nachingwea district was taken as a case study.
Hypotheses for this study were derived utilizing ten factors which affect credit
worthiness as identified in the previous researches. Data were collected through selfadministered
questionnaire in a survey. Chi-square statistic was chosen to examine
whether the determinants of access to finance were significantly different among the
firms that obtained loan and those that did not. The chi square results indicated that,
education background, firm performance, age of the firm, entrepreneur’s experience
and industry sector of the firm were associated with access to finance. Unexpectedly,
all other factors identified in the study did not show any association with access to
finance.
The study recommends that SMEs owners/managers should be investment ready by
providing collateral; The government should support the education and training and
the SMEs should attend seminars and training programs to improve on their
managerial competence. The government should also establish a mechanism to help
SMEs to get access to finance through SACCOS, and Agriculture and Marketing
Cooperative Society (AMCOS) even when they do not have collateral. |
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