A Dissertation Submitted to the School of Public Administration and Management in Partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Public Administration (MPA) of Mzumbe UniversityThe aim of this study was to assess the assessed the application of e-Learning in HLIs in Tanzania. Specifically the study aimed at identifying the e-learning services available in HLIs, determining the relationship between the learners, instructors and application of e-learning in teaching and learning process as well as identification of challenges on the application of e-learning in HLIs. The data for this study were collected using questionnaire from Mzumbe University, Sokoine University as well Jordan University from Morogoro region. A sample size of ninety (90) respondents comprising of thirty(30) tutors/ instructors and sixty(60) learners/ students were used in this study. Both probability and non probability sampling techniques were used in establishing as sample size of ninety respondents. Under probability sampling technique, a simple random sampling was used while under non probability sampling the purposive sampling technique was used. The data collected were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively as well as descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviations were used to present the findings obtained. The research findings reveal that the among the challenges toward effective application of e-Learning in HLIs in teaching and learning process include: inconsistent power supply, insufficient internet connectivity, few expect to support the e-learning users in HLIs, computer illiterate for some students, inadequate ICT infrastructures, financial constraints in terms of operating cost of internet services and shortage of computer in computer lab, poor government support (financially). Therefore application of e-Learning to be effective there is need for multiple initiatives from Tanzania Commission University (TCU) should encourage and motivate instructors and learners to use e-learning in their learning context, formulating partnership with international agencies which will support to invest in ICT facilities as well as MoEVT should shape education curriculum enable the learners since they are in primary school to have computer knowledge., equal budget allocation on ICT matters in HLIs, there is need for more investment in infrastructure, seminars and courses for learners and instructors/ tutors on e-learning use.