A Dissertation to Mzumbe University Mbeya Campus College in partial fulfillment of the request for the award of Bachelor Degree in Human Resource Management (BHRM) of Mzumbe University Mbeya Campus College. 2020This study attempted to assess the factors hindering effective recruitment and selection in private sector. The research was done at Kagera Sugar Limited in Kagera Region. In this study a case study design was adopted. Specific objectives were, to determine the factors that hinder effective recruitment and selection, to identify methods which are used to recruit and select employees and to identify challenges during recruitment and selection. Population of the study was 5000 and the sample consisted of 50 employees, Research data was collected through interviews, observation, questionnaire and documentary reviews, Qualitative data was subjected to content analysis and quantitative data was summarized in tables and charts. The findings of the study showed that, recruitment and selection processes at KSL still contain a number of challenges which hinder the process these includes fake certificates, delay of advertisements, favoritism and corruption, poor job analysis, large number of applicants and demand of high salary. The study suggest that well job analysis, training of recruiters from time to time, effective advertisement system and avoiding favoritism and corruption are the measures of avoiding the challenges facing recruitment and selection process. The finding recommends that Kagera sugar Ltd should add the amount of salary to her employees, HR manager should make follow up on ensuring that no corruption in the organization, management should provide fund for recruitment and selection process and well job description as measures for ensuring effective recruitment and selection in KSL.