Description:
Background: Poor hygiene practices and conditions create a serious public health
threat to school children. This evaluation aimed to assess School Water sanitation and
Hygiene (SWASH) project established for providing better school environment to the
school children and better hygiene conditions to all pupils. The specific objectives
included assessing the alignment of the project to the national guidelines, hygiene
practices behavior of the pupils as well as the perception of implementers of this
program.
Methodology: The study was qualitative and a descriptive cross sectional study
design where a formative evaluation approach was employed. A sample size of 8
primary schools with 80 people was used in the study. One on one interviews, Focus
group discussion and observations checklist were used to extract data from the study
participants. Data was analyzed through content analysis technique with the help of
Atlas ti software, where codes, themes and quotes were created
Results: The overall results showed that none of the 8 schools had met the standards
of school WASH. 2 district implementers and 16 school teachers were interviewed
while 62 pupils (56%) females and (43%) males were in a focus group discussion. The
majority of Pupils seem to have fair knowledge on hygiene related diseases but poor
practice on hygiene practices. 85% of interviewed pupils never wash their hands after
toilet use and 83.87% of them do not like their school toilets despite of them using it.
The implementation process is a big challenge to the implementers of both sides
(district and schools).
Conclusion: The evaluated primary schools have poor hygiene conditions mainly due
to poor planning and implementation of the programme. The school children practices
poor hygiene behavior due to lack of knowledge and means made available for them
to practice safe hygiene practices. Lack of water and sanitation facilities is stated as
the main obstacle for the pupils to practice safe hygiene behavior. The implementers
find that the biggest challenge in the implementation of School WASH is poor or too
little budget for the project and poor commitment of the government in running school
WASH. Poor partnership and co- ordination between the department of education and
health are also observed as the driving challenges to the implementation of school
WASH. Efforts should be made by the government in improving these challenges.