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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Contamination of Surface Sediments and Oysters from the Inter-Tidal Areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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dc.creator Gaspare, Lydia
dc.creator Machiwa, John F.
dc.creator Mdachi, S. J. M.
dc.creator Streck, Georg
dc.creator Brack, Werner
dc.date 2016-03-23T13:38:02Z
dc.date 2016-03-23T13:38:02Z
dc.date 2009
dc.date.accessioned 2018-04-18T11:50:23Z
dc.date.available 2018-04-18T11:50:23Z
dc.identifier Gaspare, L., Machiwa, J.F., Mdachi, S.J.M., Streck, G. and Brack, W., 2009. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination of surface sediments and oysters from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Environmental Pollution, 157(1), pp.24-34.
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1266
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10893
dc.description Surface sediment and oyster samples from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam were analyzed for 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including the 16 compounds prioritized by US-EPA using GC/ MS. The total concentration of PAHs in the sediment ranged from 78 to 25,000 ng/g dry weight, while oyster concentrations ranged from 170 to 650 ng/g dry weight. Hazards due to sediment contamination were assessed using Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Benchmarks and Threshold Effect Levels. Diagnostic indices and principle component analysis were used to identify possible sources. Interestingly, no correlation between sediment and oyster concentrations at the same sites was found. This is supported by completely different contamination patterns, suggesting different sources for both matrices. Hazard assessment revealed possible effects at six out of eight sites on the benthic communities and oyster populations. The contribution of PAH intake via oyster consumption to carcinogenic risks in humans seems to be low.
dc.language en
dc.publisher Elsevier
dc.subject Equilibrium partitioning sediment
dc.subject benchmarks
dc.subject Threshold effect levels
dc.subject Principle component analysis
dc.subject Hazard assessment
dc.subject Carcinogenic risk
dc.title Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Contamination of Surface Sediments and Oysters from the Inter-Tidal Areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
dc.type Journal Article, Peer Reviewed


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