The Potential of Bioaccumulation and Translocation of Heavy Metals in Plant Species Growing around the Tailing Dam in Tanzania
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The present paper covers the probability of heavy metals bioaccumulation and translocation in twelve plant species growing around
the tailing dam of North Mara gold mine. In the present study about 5 g of root and shoot portions of the randomly selected plant
species that were growing around the tailing dam were separately collected. Besides, 10 g of soil samples were also collected from the
rhizosphere at each sampling point where vegetations were previously sampled. The soils and vegetations were analyzed for four heavy
metals (lead, zinc, cadmium and nickel) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Bioaccumulation potential was measured in the
plant species by calculating Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF). BAF was obtained from the ratio of metal content in plant roots to that of
total metal content in the soil. Besides, translocation potential was determined by calculation of Translocation Factor (TF), which was
obtained from the ratio of the metal content in the plant shoots to that in the plant roots. Of the studied plants, only Gomphrena
celosioides L., Hibiscus nicranthus L., Indigofera cuneata Bak., Acacia albida Bentha. and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. had BAF and
TF > 1, suggesting their applicability in extraction of the studied heavy metal-polluted soils at the study area. Since heavy metal
accumulation and subsequent translocation depends on climatic and edaphic factors, more local plants which are capable of
accumulating heavy metals need to be identified and tested in situ.
Mkwawa University College of Education
Mkwawa University College of Education
Keywords
Phytotechnology