The general objective of this study is to examine the supply chain challenges constraining horticultural enterprises in Tanzania in achieving international market reliability (in terms of quality and quantity of the produce, delivery time and frequency, etc.). Desk research was conducted, where various literatures focusing on horticulture business in Tanzania and Africa was extensively reviewed and discussed. Evidence from the literature revealed that, common supply chain challenges were poor transportation infrastructure, inadequate and poor storage, packaging technology and processing facilities, unfavorable financing terms, poor marketing system, and poor quality control system. The study recommends that, the revealed supply chain challenges need to be addressed by all actors in this supply chain, both individually and in collaboration, so as to strengthen the competitive position of Tanzanian horticultural export business. The study informs the policy makers and implementers, researchers and academics.