Background Road traffic accidents (RTA) are important cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. The most recent U.N statistics show that almost 1.2 million deaths due to RTA world-wide in 1998. By 2020 road traffic accidents will be the words third leading cause of death, after heart disease and death linked to mental illness. Among males in the economically active age group, motor vehicle injuries are considered to be the third most important cause of death after tuberculosis and AIDS. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with RTA among patients attended in orthopaedic department at KCMC from December 2015 to May 2016. Methods: This study was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study that was conducted to a population of patient who had road traffic accident attended and admitted at KCMC orthopedic center, the convenience sampling for patients with trauma due to road accident were used for research. Then the data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 Results: A total of 200 patients seen at KCMC orthopedic center with a history of being involved in road traffic accident were analyzed. The mean age of participants 35.15 years ranging from 2 to 87 years and males were more affected than females comprising of 155 (77.5%).The age of participants most affected wasbetween 20-39 years (48.5%). Prevalence of RTA’S among patient seen was 4.18% with passengers ranked first as the most involved victim category of road user involved in RTA’S 102 (51%). The most important cause of road traffic accident vehicle among patient brought at KCMC 124 (62.0%) was due to motorcycle which resulted into lower limb injuries (67.5%) and the most projected or suspected cause factor associated with road traffic accident being physical factors (road condition) 147 (73.5%) which includes narrow road, poor road condition, road deadly curve and poor weather condition. Conclusions: From this study the following conclusion could be made i.e. the majority of the participants are male and in the younger age group which is the most productive class in the community. Motorcycle crashes account for considerable admission of patient at KCMC and the most projected factors associated with road traffic accident being physical factors (road condition) followed by drive factors with lower limb being the most anatomical region involved. Injuries related to motorcycle contribute significantly to the number of lives and resources including consumable and the health worker time.