Background; Orphan and separated children’s complies large but often times is one among of the neglected and unheard population in the community. . Global there are 153 million orphans worldwide but 31.4% are from SSA. In Tanzania there are 3.1 million orphans complies of 6.2% of the overall population of Tanzania. Due to lack of the support from the community and well integrated system from the government OSC often become vulnerable because of their lack of quality health care and education, food insecurity, physical insecurity and stigma among them which in one way or another affect their well-being. Objectives; the main objective is critical analysis of the barrier affecting implementation of the policies which address the well-being of orphans and separated children in urban Moshi. Methodology; the study was cross sectional, involving purposive sampling and the interview was used to collect the information from the participant on their knowledge and their roles on the subject, critical analysis was done during extraction of the information. Results; The study shows that there is well integrated policies and recommendations which aims to support the orphans and separated children in global and international level, but in Tanzania there is a problems in implementing those policies due to different factors like understaffed social welfare, inadequate allocation of the fund to the social welfare system, poor clarification of the guideline and frameworks on how to implement the existing policies, poor economic status to the families which support OSC and inadequate community education and awareness concerning OSC