The general objective of the study was to explore the factors affecting the provision of quality education in Tanzanian Higher Education Institutions. The specific objectives were to assess the funding and financial management, human resource management system, learning programme and quality assurance system. Data were collected through a quantitative research approach. The study applied a survey research design to collect the data in the field from a sample of 52 respondents; 14 administrative staff and 38 academic staff. Under the non-probability sampling technique, the purposive sampling was used to select the field site areas while the convenience sampling was applied to select the targeted respondents whom were given questionnaire to fill. The results of the study revealed that, the challenges that affect the provision of quality education are; inadequacy of funding, infrastructures and facilities and unclear existence of quality assurance policies and procedures. The study recommended that, the institutions should establish projects to generate funds while the government assists these institutions financially. The institutions should ensure adequate and quality learning resources; library, computer laboratories, books and other facilities and infrastructures that match with the enrolment as well as other human resource within these institutions, and ensure the efficient use of the available learning resources. The study will help the education stakeholders to be aware about the challenges that affecting the provision of quality education so that they can contribute on providing the ways of resolving xv them. The study will also be a foundation on which other researchers will refer to carry out other research studies.