This study aimed at assessing parental involvement and its effect on students’ academic performance in ward secondary school in Ilemela District. The study was guided by two specific objectives namely to examine how parents are being involved in their children’s secondary education in ward secondary schools in Ilemela District and to identify the effect of parental involvements on secondary school students’ academic performance in ward secondary schools in Ilemela District. The study employed mixed research approaches and used explanatory research design. Quantitative data were collected by using document analysis and questionnaires while qualitative data were collected using interviews and document analysis methods. The study involved five Heads of Schools (HOS), fifteen teachers, fifty-nine parents and fifty-nine students. The study found that Majority of parents were not involving in their children learning. It was noted that greater number of parents were not attending school meeting to solve and discuss matters concerning students’ progress. Parents do not provide their children with school requirements due to poverty in many families. The findings further showed that in most ward secondary schools in Ilemela District, students demonstrated low grade in test score, weak attendance and low homework done, more negative attitude and behavior and low graduation rates due to low participation of parents in their children learning activities. The study suggests that parents should involve in children’s education so as to bring about positive effects on children’s schooling. The policy maker also should enact policies that emphasize parents to take their responsibility and become accountable for the failures of their children.