This paper reviewed trade liberalization and determinants of agricultural exports in developing countries. In general, 223 papers were retrieved; 84 papers were included in the study and 139 were not included due to the fact that they were not directly linked with the research focus. The research methodology of the study was a systematic review of the relevant articles and working papers as well as research papers and reports. The review reveals that, internal factors are more significant determinants of agricultural export in developing countries than external factors. However, external determinants in some countries were found to be significant on agricultural export. The study recommends that both factors are important determinants of export performance depending on the institutional framework of the respective country.