Journal of food Security
Governmental and developmental partners invest substantial resources to reduce land and water degradation in order to upgrade
agricultural productivity, thus reducing food insecurity and related vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the impact of
soil and water conservation on food insecurity outcomes would be a significant step toward improving environmental conditions, while
ensuring sustainable and increased agricultural production. Therefore, this article analyzes the impact of adopting soil and water
conservation on food insecurity and related vulnerability outcomes of farming households using a sample of 408 households selected
using a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure from three districts in eastern Ethiopia. Vulnerability as expected poverty (three-step
Feasible General Least Squares) is employed to analyze the vulnerability of sample households in the context of food insecurity. In
addition, endogenous switching regressions with propensity score matching methods are combined to obtain consistent impact
estimates. The study findings reveal that education and sex of household head, use of irrigation and fertilizer, source of information,
and cultivated land are the main factors influencing the adoption of soil and water conservation practices. Moreover, the adoption of soil
and water conservation not only positively impacts the per capita food consumption expenditure and net crop value, but it also
significantly reduces the probability of farmers being food insecure, vulnerable to food insecurity, as well as being transient and
chronically food insecure. Therefore, policymakers and development organizations should consider soil and water conservation as a
main strategy to reduce land degradation and improve the livelihoods of the rural farm households.