Research article
Background: Universal access to and utilization of malaria prevention measures is defined as every person at
malaria risk sleeping under a quality insecticide-treated mosquito net (ITN) and every pregnant woman at risk
receiving at least two doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). This study aimed to determine factors affecting
accessibility, availability and utilisation of malaria interventions among women of reproductive age in Kilosa district
in central Tanzania.
Methods: Women of reproductive age with children <5 years old or those who had been pregnant during the
past 5 years were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to seek information on malaria
knowledge, accessibility and utilization of malaria interventions during pregnancy.
Results: A total of 297 women (mean age=29±6.8 years) were involved. Seventy percent of the women had
attained primary school education. About a quarter of women had two children of <5 years while over 58%
had ≥3 children. Most (71.4%) women had medium general knowledge on malaria while only eight percent of
them had good knowledge on malaria in pregnancy. A significant proportion of women were not aware of the
reasons for taking SP during pregnancy (35%), timing for SP (18%), and the effect of malaria on pregnancy (45.8%).
Timing for first dose of SP for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) was 1-3 months (28.4%) and
4-6 months (36.8%). Some 78.1% were provided with SP under supervision of the health provider. Knowledge on
malaria in pregnancy had a significant association with levels of education (p=0.024). Ninety-eight percent had an
ITN, mostly (87.1%) received free from the government. All women attended the ANC during their last pregnancy.
The coverage of IPT1 was 53.5% and IPTp2 was 41.1%. The proportion of women making more ANC visits decreased
with increasing parity.
Conclusion: This study showed that the knowledge of the pregnant women on malaria in pregnancy and IPTp was
average and is likely to have an impact on the low IPTp coverage. Campaigns that provide educational massages
on the risk of malaria during pregnancy and the usefulness of IPTp need to be emphasised.
National Institute for Medical Research