| dc.creator |
Musa, Jeremiah John |
|
| dc.creator |
Moore, Sarah |
|
| dc.creator |
Moore, Jason |
|
| dc.creator |
Mbuba, Emmanuel |
|
| dc.creator |
Mbeyela, Edgar |
|
| dc.creator |
Kobe, Dickson |
|
| dc.creator |
Swai, Johnson |
|
| dc.creator |
Odufuwa, Olukayode |
|
| dc.date |
2020-12-21T07:41:59Z |
|
| dc.date |
2020-12-21T07:41:59Z |
|
| dc.date |
2020-03-14 |
|
| dc.date.accessioned |
2022-10-25T09:20:48Z |
|
| dc.date.available |
2022-10-25T09:20:48Z |
|
| dc.identifier |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03183-y |
|
| dc.identifier |
https://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/20.500.12479/1064 |
|
| dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/95249 |
|
| dc.description |
This research article published by Springer Nature, 2020 |
|
| dc.description |
Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and efective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets are for 80% of the population living in malaria endemic areas to have access to (own)
and use a LLIN. However, current access to LLINs in endemic areas is 56% due to system inefciencies and budget
limitations. Thus, cost-efective approaches to maximize access to efective LLINs in endemic areas are required. This
study evaluated whether LLINs that had been stored for 5 years under manufacturer’s recommended conditions may
be optimally efective against Anopheles mosquitoes, to inform malaria control programmes and governments on the
periods over which LLINs may be stored between distributions, in an efort to maximize use of available LLINs.
Methods: Standard World Health Organization (WHO) bioassays (cone and tunnel test) were used to evaluate the
bio-efcacy and wash resistance of Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 (rebranded Tsara® Soft) LLINs after 5 years of storage
at 25 °C to 33.4 °C and 40% to 100% relative humidity. In addition, a small scale Ifakara Ambient Chamber test (I-ACT)
was conducted to compare the bio-efcacy of one long stored LLINs to one new LLIN of the same brand, washed
or unwashed. LLINs were evaluated using laboratory reared fully susceptible Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.)
(Ifakara strain) and pyrethroid resistant Anopheles arabiensis (Kingani strain).
Results: After 5 years of storage, both unwashed and washed, Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 (Tsara® Soft) LLINs passed
WHO bio-efcacy criteria on knockdown (KD60) ≥95%, 24-h mortality ≥80% and ≥90% blood-feeding inhibition in
WHO assays against susceptible An. gambiae s.s. DawaPlus® 2.0 LLINs also passed combined WHO bioassay criteria against resistant An. arabiensis. Confrmatory I-ACT tests using whole nets demonstrated that long-stored LLINs
showed higher efcacy than new LLINs on both feeding inhibition and mortality endpoints against resistant strains.
Conclusions: Even after long-term storage of around 5 years, both Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 LLINs remain efcacious against susceptible Anopheles mosquitoes at optimal storage range of 25 °C to 33.4 °C for temperature and 40%
to 100% relative humidity measured by standard WHO methods. DawaPlus® 2.0 (Tsara® Soft) remained efcacious
against resistant strain. |
|
| dc.format |
application/pdf |
|
| dc.language |
en |
|
| dc.publisher |
Springer Nature |
|
| dc.subject |
Long storage nets |
|
| dc.subject |
Long lasting insecticidal nets |
|
| dc.subject |
Malaria |
|
| dc.title |
Long-lasting insecticidal nets retain bio-efficacy after 5 years of storage: implications for malaria control programmes |
|
| dc.type |
Article |
|