A Molecular Investigation of the Solvent Influence on Inter- and Intra-Molecular Hydrogen Bond Interaction of Linamarin
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MDPI
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This research article published by MDPI, 2022
Linamarin has been reported to have anticancer activities; however, its extraction and isolation using different solvents yield a low amount. Therefore, understanding the physical propā erties, such as solventsā solubility, membrane permeability and lipophilicity and how they are assoā ciated with different solvents, is a paramount topic for discussion, especially for its potential as a drug. Linamarin has a sugar moiety with many polar groups responsible for its physical properties. Following current trends, a molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate its physical properties and how different solvents, such as water, methanol (MeOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dichloromethane (DCM), affect such properties. In this work, we have investigated the influence of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and the influence of polar and nonāpolar solvents on the physical properties of linamarin. Furthermore, solvation freeāenergy and electronic structure analysis are performed. The structural analysis results show that the polar groups of linamarin have strong interactions with all solvents except the etheric oxygen groups. A detailed analysis shows intermolecular hydrogen bonding between polar solvents (water, MeOH and DMSO) and the hydroxyl oxygens of linamarin. Water exhibits the strongest interaction with linamarinās functional groups among the investigated solvents. The findings show that within the first solvation shell, the number of water molecules is greatest, while MeOH has the fewest. Cenā trally to the structural analysis, solvation free energy confirms DMSO to be the best solvent since it prefers to interact with linamarin over itself, while water prefers to interact with itself. While the soluteāsolvent interactions are strongest between linamarin and water, the solventāsolvent interacā tions are strongest in water. As a result, the solvation freeāenergy calculations reveal that linamarin solvation is most favourable in DMSO.
Linamarin has been reported to have anticancer activities; however, its extraction and isolation using different solvents yield a low amount. Therefore, understanding the physical propā erties, such as solventsā solubility, membrane permeability and lipophilicity and how they are assoā ciated with different solvents, is a paramount topic for discussion, especially for its potential as a drug. Linamarin has a sugar moiety with many polar groups responsible for its physical properties. Following current trends, a molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate its physical properties and how different solvents, such as water, methanol (MeOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dichloromethane (DCM), affect such properties. In this work, we have investigated the influence of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and the influence of polar and nonāpolar solvents on the physical properties of linamarin. Furthermore, solvation freeāenergy and electronic structure analysis are performed. The structural analysis results show that the polar groups of linamarin have strong interactions with all solvents except the etheric oxygen groups. A detailed analysis shows intermolecular hydrogen bonding between polar solvents (water, MeOH and DMSO) and the hydroxyl oxygens of linamarin. Water exhibits the strongest interaction with linamarinās functional groups among the investigated solvents. The findings show that within the first solvation shell, the number of water molecules is greatest, while MeOH has the fewest. Cenā trally to the structural analysis, solvation free energy confirms DMSO to be the best solvent since it prefers to interact with linamarin over itself, while water prefers to interact with itself. While the soluteāsolvent interactions are strongest between linamarin and water, the solventāsolvent interacā tions are strongest in water. As a result, the solvation freeāenergy calculations reveal that linamarin solvation is most favourable in DMSO.
Keywords
Molecular dynamics, Hydrogen bonding, Solvation free energy