Full text can be accessed at http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-53980-0_16It is possible by using nanocomposite approach to control the strength and Young’s modulus of the composite to become close to those of human cortical or cancellous bone. This is made possible with the help of secondary substitution phases. Various materials have been applied as biomaterials and tissue regeneration materials, and the in vivo cytotoxicity and biocompatibility have been the main consideration in their use and their long-term success. This chapter aims to give a brief introduction and current applications of calcium phosphate nanocomposites as tissue engineering and as a delivery vehicle for drugs, genes, and proteins. Furthermore, the chapter will also examine the potential use of calcium phosphate nanocomposite coatings for tissue engineering scaffolds.