Termite population and foraging behavior is much affected by different land use. Variation in termite species diversity is considered as changes of bio indicators in the selected habitat types. Despite of various benefits obtained from termites little information is known from termite species richness, diversity as well as evenness in response to different land use. A standard transect lines was used to collect termites from 10cm deep to 2M above the ground, hand sorted from the selected different land use. Sampling effort was 1hr per quadrat in all selected land use. Collected specimens were preserved in 70% ethanol for laboratory identification. Termites species encountered during the study period were 16 species from forest, 13 species from cropland and 7 species from grassland habitat types. The coefficient community similarity from different land use was high ranging from 60% to 70% The termites population differences from selected habitat types showed significant differences (P=0.05). This study was carried out to investigate the response of termite population in relation to different land use in Rufiji district which can be used for future research.