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This study aimed at assessing the effect of educational intervention on improving knowledge, attitude, practice and glycemic control among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tabora Region. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to 165 randomly recruited participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus from different clinics. The mean participants’ age was 54 ±13 years. Of all the participants, female constituted 55.8%. Data were collected in two phases (pre/posttest) through structured diabetes questionnaires and clinical tools. Whereby, both descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
The result indicated that participants with good knowledge score before intervention were 39.4% compared to 87% after educational intervention. Those with a positive attitude were 23% before and 67% after intervention. With good practice before intervention were 9% compared to 48% after intervention and those with good blood glucose control before were 33% compared to 87% after intervention. The t-test showed significance differences; Knowledge score pre-intervention was (n=165, M=64.00, SD=10.92) and post-intervention was (n=165, M=76.21, SD=8.24), mean difference of (12.21, t (164) =15.60, p<0.001). Attitude, pre-intervention was (n=165, M=61.02, SD=9.10) and post-intervention was (n=165, M=71.74, SD=6.47) mean difference of (10.72, t (164) =16.27, p<0.001). Practice, pre-intervention was (n=165, M=54.60, SD=9.66) post-intervention was (n=165, M=68.02, SD=8.00) whereby the mean differences was (13.42, t (164) =18.26, p<0.001).
Subsequently, the linear regression showed a significant association in knowledge change with attitude at baseline (B=-0.217, p<0.05 CI:-0.385, -0.49). Attitude change was statistically associated with knowledge change (B= 0.191, p<0.01, CI: 0.065, 0.318) whereas practice change was statistically associated with knowledge change (B=0.163, p<0.05, CI: 0.020, 0.307) and glycemic level change was significantly associated with practice (B-0.02, p= 0.06, CI: -0.48, 0.007).
The study concluded that educational intervention was an effective tool in the change in knowledge, attitude and practice that leads to participants’ improvement in glycemic control. |
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