Dissertation (MA Development Studies)Malaria remains one of the major health problems in Dar es Salaam and Tanzania in general. The disease is caused by a female Anopheles mosquito whose breeding sites are within the environment in which we live. The increase in number of breeding sites in urban centers suggests that there should be strong efforts in fighting against the disease from its cause, which is breeding sites. The main objective of the study is to examine the role of local government and community in eliminating mosquito breeding sites in Dar es Salaam. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design whereby data were collected once at Azimio and Miburani wards of Temeke Municipality. Both primary and secondary data were collected so as to achieve the intended objectives. Respondents were selected through both random and purposive sampling techniques. The random sampling was applied in identifying Ten Cell Unit leaders (TCU) and Neighborhood/mtaa Health Committee members (NHCs). Meanwhile, purposive sampling was used to identify various officials from both the wards. In general, a sample size of 107 respondents was selected in the study area. Survey method was used to get information from Ten Cell Unit leaders and Neighborhood Health Committee members, while questionnaires were used as data collection tools in the study area. Interview method was also used for getting information from key informants. Further, observation was also used in collecting information from the field, in which checklist was used as a tool. Research findings have revealed that community participation in eliminating mosquito breeding sites is considerably low. The research further revealed that the local government and the community faced many challenges in eliminating mosquito breeding sites in the study area. These challenges emanate from both the local government and the local community.