Dissertation (MA Demography)The study was conducted in Newala District of Mtwara Region. The general objective of the study was to investigate the influence of household demographic characteristics on children’s access to education. The specific objectives were to identify the influence of household’s demographic characteristics on the utilization of the available education opportunities by children of both sexes, to explore the association between household demographic characteristics and student performance and to examine the relationship between the household demographic characteristic and access to different levels of education. The study collected data from both primary and secondary sources. Both multi-stage and simple random sampling were used in selecting 192 main respondents while purposive sampling was also used for selecting nine school officers. In data analysis, both descriptive and inferential analyses were done using SPSS computer program. The results showed that opportunities for schooling are not provided equally between girls and boys. Nature of income received by household heads and marital status influenced such favoritism. Education levels, marital status, income, age of household head and family size have statistically significant influence on education access. Education level of household heads has influence on performance of students. Basing on the findings, it is recommended to discourage behaviors that deprive opportunity of one sex to access education, enforce family planning, properly implement strategies for poverty reduction in marginalized areas, extend loan services to other non-higher learning institutions, provide education to household heads who missed opportunities to get education in their young age and to challenge unnecessary marriage break up.