Dissertation (MA Public Administration)Solid waste management is a part of the growing problem that attracts attention of anthropologists, economists, historians, sociologists in the world. This is believed to have been caused by rising of urbanization and change of life style of food habits which have led to the increase of municipal solid waste. In Tanzania, Nyamagana municipalities like other municipal/town have experienced a problem of solid waste. This has contributed to eruption of diseases and sporadic dust beans in the town. This study has been designed to investigate the effectiveness of decentralized solid waste management scheme in Tanzania specifically in Nyamagana municipality. Simple random and purposive sampling procedures were used to obtain respondents from Nyamagana and Pamba wards, thus led to a total sample of 126 respondents. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software where outputs from descriptive statistics have been presented by cross tabulation and frequencies for verifying the effectiveness of decentralized solid waste management scheme in Tanzania specifically in Nyamagana municipality. From the study,70% of respondents have reported that the municipality is guided by solid waste management policy with four objectives under the policy. However, there are four ways tocollect solid waste butone thathas dominated in the study area is people rounding with wheel bellow. The other ways used in managing the solid waste are recycling of solid waste, incineration of solid waste and open burning. There were different diseases thought to have erupted as the impact of solid waste. Furthermore, conclusion has been made and different recommendations like policy that guide the municipal, community participation, pits dug around the houses and additional development of trucks that are thought to improve the system.