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Background: Urinary Tract Infection is among the most common febrile illness affecting 150 million people worldwide. The etiology of urinary tract infection can vary from one place to another due to significant geographical variations. Paucity of information exists with regard to UTI, in terms of the prevalence, etiologies, clinical manifestation and antibiotic susceptibility in Dodoma region. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, aetiology, antibiotic sensitivity and factors associated with UTI among febrile children admitted at Pediatric ward in Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital (DRRH). Method: A cross sectional analytic study was done at DRRH over a period of 5 months. A total of 190 children aged 6 months to 5 years admitted with fever were enrolled into the study. Urine samples were taken for dipstick, microscopy, culture and sensitivity. Data was collected, recorded and analyzed using statistical package SPSS version 25.
Results: Participants were 190 children aged 6 months to 5 years with prevalence of UTI 11.6%. The isolates were Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella Oxytoca (K.oxytoca). Urine nitrites (AOR) 2.1 95% CI (1.7– 5.1) p-value = 0.022, painful micturition (AOR) 1.5 95% CI (1.04 – 2.5) p-value = 0.043 and Urine leucocytes esterase (AOR) 1.3 95% CI (1.06 – 3.7), p < 0.001 were significantly associated with the positive urine culture. E. coli was 100% sensitive to Tetracycline, Ceftriaxone, Gentamycin, Cotrimoxazole and Chloramphenicol; whereas Meropenem, Amoxycillin-Clavulate and Ciprofloxacin had a sensitivity rate of 93.8%, 68.7% 56.3% and respectively. .E. Coli was found to be resistant to Ampicillin and Amikacin but K. Oxytoca was 100% sensitive to both Ampicillin and Amikacin, 83.3% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, and 50% sensitive to both Meropenem and Amoxycillin clavulate.
Conclusion: Extent of UTI in DRRH was (11.6%). Prevalent organisms isolated were E. coli and K.oxytoca. Leucocytes esterase, nitrites and painful micturition were statistically significant associated with UTI. Management of UTI ought to rely mostly on clinical and laboratory findings for appropriate treatment and follow up of patients. |
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