Identification of large variation in pfcrt, pfmdr-1 and pfubp-1 markers in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Ethiopia and Tanzania

Golassa, L.; Kamugisha, E.; Ishengoma, D. S.; Baraka, V.; Shayo, A.; Baliraine, F. N.; Swedberg, G.

dc.creator	Golassa, L.
dc.creator	Kamugisha, E.
dc.creator	Ishengoma, D. S.
dc.creator	Baraka, V.
dc.creator	Shayo, A.
dc.creator	Baliraine, F. N.
dc.creator	Swedberg, G.
dc.date	2020-03-23T08:34:14Z
dc.date	2020-03-23T08:34:14Z
dc.date	2015
dc.date.accessioned	2022-10-20T13:09:15Z
dc.date.available	2022-10-20T13:09:15Z
dc.identifier	Golassa, L., Kamugisha, E., Ishengoma, D. S., Baraka, V., Shayo, A., Baliraine, F. N., ... & Swedberg, G. (2015). Identification of large variation in pfcrt, pfmdr-1 and pfubp-1 markers in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Ethiopia and Tanzania. Malaria Journal, 14(1), 264.
dc.identifier	10.1186/s12936-015-0783-3
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2282
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2282
dc.description	Full Text Article. Also available at: 10.1186/s12936-015-0783-3
dc.description	Plasmodium falciparum resistance to anti-malarials is a major drawback in effective malaria control and elimination globally. Artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) is currently the key first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Plasmodium falciparum genetic signatures at pfmdr-1, pfcrt, and pfubp-1 loci are known to modulate in vivo and in vitro parasite response to ACT. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of these resistance gene markers in isolates collected from different malaria transmission intensity in Ethiopia and Tanzania Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates were collected from different regions of Ethiopia and Tanzania. Genetic polymorphisms in the genes pfcrt, pfmdr-1 and pfubp-1 were analysed by PCR and sequencing. Frequencies of the different alleles in the three genes were compared within and between regions, and between the two countries. The majority of the isolates from Ethiopia were mutant for the pfcrt 76 and wild-type for pfmdr-1 86. In contrast, the majority of the Tanzanian samples were wild-type for both pfcrt and pfmdr-1 loci. Analysis of a variable linker region in pfmdr-1 showed substantial variation in isolates from Tanzania as compared to Ethiopian isolates that had minimal variation. Direct sequencing of the pfubp-1 region showed that 92.8% (26/28) of the Ethiopian isolates had identical genome sequence with the wild type reference P. falciparum strain 3D7. Of 42 isolates from Tanzania, only 13 (30.9%) had identical genome sequences with 3D7. In the Tanzanian samples, 10 variant haplotypes were identified. The majority of Ethiopian isolates carried the main marker for chloroquine (CQ) resistance, while the majority of the samples from Tanzania carried markers for CQ susceptibility. Polymorphic genes showed substantially more variation in Tanzanian isolates. The low variability in the polymorphic region of pfmdr-1 in Ethiopia may be a consequence of low transmission intensity as compared to high transmission intensity and large variations in Tanzania
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Springer
dc.subject	Malaria
dc.subject	Plasmodium falciparum
dc.subject	Pfcrt
dc.subject	Pfmdr-1
dc.subject	Pfubp-1
dc.subject	Ethiopia
dc.subject	Tanzania
dc.subject	Artemisinin Combination Therapy
dc.subject	ACT
dc.subject	Plasmodium falciparum
dc.subject	In vitro parasite
dc.subject	In vivo parasite
dc.subject	Chloroquine resistance transporter gene
dc.title	Identification of large variation in pfcrt, pfmdr-1 and pfubp-1 markers in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Ethiopia and Tanzania
dc.type	Article