Dissertation (MIR)The study examined the effectiveness of foreign aid in transforming the Small Scale Cotton Farmers Productivity in Mwanza Region. The findings of the study are organized in three themes, namely the amount of foreign aid given to the Small Scale Cotton Farmers in Mwanza, the extent to which foreign aid has boosted the productivity of Small Scale Cotton Farmers, and the challenges faced by Small Scale Cotton Famers in receiving foreign aid. The study employed a mixed-method of collecting and analyzing data. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. Both purposive and random sampling procedures were used to select the sample of 120 respondents. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20 qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis to develop themes and build strong explanations. The analysis revealed that the amount of foreign aid given to the famers by the donor is too small to transform the productivity of Small Scale Cotton Farmers in Mwanza Region. Further, the analysis revealed that foreign aid given to the Small Scale Cotton Farmers has boosted the productivity of Small Scale Cotton Farmers to a smaller extent. Because of its insufficient amount, the foreign aid has failed to change the productivity of Small Scale Cotton Farmers. The findings have revealed that the Small Scale Cotton Farmers in Mwanza face various challenges in accessing foreign aid since the donors‟ terms and conditions are unfriendly and delay in the allocation of foreign aid. The study recommended that, for foreign aid to effectively transform the productivity of Small Scale Farmers, there is a need for the donors to increase the amount of foreign aid to enable the Small Scale Cotton Farmers to afford all the necessary farm inputs.