A review of the newly identified impurity profiles in methamphetamine seizures

Onoka, Isaac; Banyika, Andrew Toyi; Banerjee, Protibha Nath; Makangara, John J.; Dujourdy, Laurence

dc.creator	Onoka, Isaac
dc.creator	Banyika, Andrew Toyi
dc.creator	Banerjee, Protibha Nath
dc.creator	Makangara, John J.
dc.creator	Dujourdy, Laurence
dc.date	2021-05-05T12:52:22Z
dc.date	2021-05-05T12:52:22Z
dc.date	2020
dc.date.accessioned	2022-10-20T13:09:27Z
dc.date.available	2022-10-20T13:09:27Z
dc.identifier	Onoka, I., Banyika, A. T., Banerjee, P. N., Makangara, J. J., & Dujourdy, L. (2020). A review of the newly identified impurities profiles in methamphetamine seizures. Forensic Science International: Synergy. 2, 194-205
dc.identifier	DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.06.004
dc.identifier	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2952
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2952
dc.description	Full text article. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.06.004
dc.description	Forensic intelligence of synthetic illicit drugs suffers a problem of continuous introduction of new synthetic methods, modification of the existing routes of manufacture, and adulterations practiced by criminal networks. Impurity profiling has been indispensable in methamphetamine intelligence based on precursors, synthetic routes, and chemical modifications during trafficking. Law enforcement authorities maintain the credibility and integrity of intelligence information through constant monitoring of the chemical signatures in the illicit drug market. Changes in the synthetic pattern result in new impurity profiles that are important in keeping valuable intelligence information on clandestine laboratories, new synthetic routes, trafficking patterns, and geographical sources of illicit Methamphetamine. This review presents a critical analysis of the methamphetamine impurity profiles and more specifically, profiling based on impurity profiles from Leuckart, Reductive amination, Moscow, Emde, Nagai, Birch, Moscow route; a recent nitrostyrene route and stable isotope signatures. It also highlights the discrimination of ephedrine from pseudoephedrine sources and the emerging methamphetamine profiling based on stable isotopes.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.subject	Methamphetamine
dc.subject	Impurity profiles
dc.subject	Stable isotopes
dc.subject	Synthetic route
dc.subject	Forensic intelligence
dc.subject	Methamphetamine intelligence
dc.subject	Illicit drugs
dc.subject	Methamphetamine production
dc.subject	Isotopes
dc.title	A review of the newly identified impurity profiles in methamphetamine seizures
dc.type	Article