Dissertation (MA Business Administration)This research aimed at assessing factors that determine the sustainability of Community Health Fund (CHF) taking Manyoni District as a case study. Specifically, the study covered the operationalisation of Community Health Funds (CHF), social economic factors for CHF to be used, extent of effects of CHF and effects facing the CHF. The study used a cross sectional design with a case study that aimed at getting in depth data and study the CHF once irrespectively. This study used a random sample of 96 respondents who were the heads of households. Data on the CHF were collected by survey method through the use of a structured questionnaire. In addition, a checklist was used to collect secondary data related to CHF through documentary review and focused group discussion .The analysis of data was done through the use of SPSS-15. It was found out that the operationalization of the CHF follows the D by D policy in which decisions emanate from the grass roots and the Ministry of Health is the policy maker. The sustainability of the CHF is questionable because of how CHF is operationalized, social economic factors that influence joining the CHF and the extent of rural households with community health insurance. The study recommends that the government should promote CHF and ensure that equity is considered in the discharge of the CHF to the poor. In addition, education should be provided to both consumers and providers of CHF to avoid information asymmetry which could lead into market failure and unnecessary government failures.