The Effectiveness of Management By Objective Approach as a Tool of Improving Performance in Ilemela District Secondary Schools in Tanzania
Abstract
Description
This study was undertaken for the purpose of investigating ‘’the effectiveness of
Management By Objective approach as a tool of improving performance in Ilemela district
secondary schools in Tanzania’’. Specifically, the study intended to achieve the following
objectives: to find out the extent to which education managers involve their subordinates
(teachers) in policy planning and decision making, to investigate the mechanism put in place
to ensure proper implementation of the MBO approach in secondary schools, to examine the
challenges faced while implementing the MBO approach in secondary schools, and to
examine the suggestions towards proper implementation of the MBO approach in secondary
schools. The study was conducted in Ilemela District in Mwanza Region. A total number of
127 respondents was covered including 112 teachers, 14 Heads of schools, and one District
Education Officer all of whom were randomly and purposively sampled. Interview,
documentary review and questionnaire were the instruments used in data collection. The
findings were analyzed using thematic and content analysis techniques.
Findings reveal that teachers are not involved in decision making and policies formulation
because most of directives, policies and decisions are made from the Central level to be
implemented by teachers in secondary schools. Hence this affects effectiveness of the MBO
approach. Staff meetings, school management team, academic department meetings and
school board meetings are the mechanisms put in place to ensure the effectiveness of MBO
approach in secondary schools. Budgetary constraints, pressure of time, the transparency,
communication and leadership support are the challenges affecting the effectiveness of the
approach in secondary schools. Also the study reveals different suggestions for effectiveness
of the approach such as good working environment, rewards and motivation to teachers,
recruitment of qualified personnel in teaching profession, and formulation of strict laws and
regulations to increase accountability
Keywords
Management By Objective: Performance