A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Award of the Degree of Master of Business Administration (MBA) in Corporate Management of Mzumbe University.The study sought to examine the factors affecting the implementation of Balanced Scorecard in Tanzania with TRA as a case study. Specifically, the study intended to determine if job description affect the successful implementation of the balanced scorecard in Tanzania, to identify if the level of management support affects successful implementation of balanced Score card in Tanzania, to find out if the extent of employees’ supervision affects successful application of balanced score card in Tanzania and also to examine suggested mechanisms in the organization for successful application of Balanced Score Card in Tanzania. A sample of 92 respondents was used. Data collection instruments used were questionnaires, interviews and documentary review. The study found that, majority of the respondents (55%) does not agree job description affects the implementation of balanced scorecard in an organization. On the other hand, 45% agrees job description affects the implementation of BSC. The findings of the study further found that, over 80% of staff at TRA strongly believe management support is paramount to the effective implementation of the BSC within the organization and that lack of management support will leads to poor or no implementation at all of the BSC. It was found that, majority (85%) of TRA staff agreed hiring new employees is the main management supervision factor affecting the implementation of BSC in an organization. The study concludes for Tanzania’s organizations to effectively implement balanced score card, effective mechanisms for BSC implementation must be put in place, proper employee job description must be conducted, effective employees’ supervision methods should be employed and adequate financial resources should be allocated for BSC project implementation. The study recommends the government should intervene so that the management of public organizations should undertake effective job analysis in order to effectively carry out employee’s job description. The government should introduce an enforcement mechanism that will ensure all public organizations develop and implement the BSC because of its numerous advantages.