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This paper examines the relationships between socio-economic characteristics, vulnerability, and
adaptation to climate-induced malaria and cholera in the Lake Victoria region, Tanzania. It focuses on the
Biharamulo and Muleba Districts of the Kagera Region, located in the northwestern part of the country. The
paper also aims at informing policy-making in response to climate change that is related to malaria and
cholera. A variety of methods were employed in the collection and analysis of data for this study, including
collection of secondary data, participatory discussions and stakeholder workshops, household interviews,
and field observations. Data analysis was undertaken using the SPSS software. A random sample of 300
households was interviewed, 150 from each of the two villages (Bugarama and Chato), representing
malaria and cholera case studies respectively. Interviews were undertaken with the heads of households.
However, where other members of the household were present they were free to contribute. We selected
these two villages because they are in areas with conditions suitable for studying highland malaria and
cholera, respectively.