This collective volume contains revised versions of some of the papers presented at a workshop on 'Sustainable agriculture in semi-arid Tanzania', which was held in November 1995. Contents: Research on sustainable agriculture in semi-arid Tanzania is a mixed bag - as it should be! (Jannik Boesen); Agricultural research and sustainable agriculture in semi-arid Tanzania (F.M. Shao); Sustainable agriculture in subsistence economies: some overlooked research issues based on Tanzania's experiences (Idris S. Kikula); Sustainable agriculture in semi-arid Tanzania: some sociological insights from Kondoa Irangi Hills, Ukara Island, Matengo Plateau and Mbulu Highlands (C.G. Mung'ong'o); Sustainable agriculture under population stress in semi-arid Tanzania: the case of Kondoa District (Ndalahwa Madulu); Household food security in a soil and water conservation project area: the case of Kondoa eroded area, Tanzania (E.T. Liwenga); Water infiltration rates on degraded soils in Mwisanga catchment, Kondoa, central Tanzania (P.Z. Yanda); Enabling strategies and State intervention: major livelihood problems in semi-arid villages in Iringa District, Tanzania (Hans-Otto Sano); Land conflicts and channels of conflict resolution: some insights from Babati District, Tanzania (Faustin P. Maganga); Effects of tillage and rainfall pattern on sorghum (sorghum bicolor var. tegemeo) yields in semi-arid Tanzania (Mahoo H.F. et al.); Micro-catchment rain water harvesting and maize growth/yield in semi-arid areas of Morogoro and Kilimanjaro regions (Hatibu, N. et al.).