Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are typically introduced in organizations with the promise to help manage resources, increase efficiency, increase work productivity and reduce workload. In the context of developing countries, the lure of these promises is magnified given the existing conditions and inefficiencies. International aid agencies play an important role in shaping this promise. However, introduction and use of ICTs in developing countries has proven problematic due to failures or unsustainability resulting from many factors. One important factor is the lack of appropriate human resources both with respect to quantity and quality. This paper emphasizes that human resource capacity building in developing countries is an urgent issue of concern for the sustainability of ICTs. Drawing on concepts of sustainability, ICT literacy, and human capacity building, this paper analyzes challenges related to human resources in health information systems (HISs) and ICTs in the health sector of Tanzania and suggests some strategies to address the problem. Specifically, the paper focuses on initiation of ICT based HIS in the context of the health sector and argues for human resources with a mix of skills to understand the meaning of data, information, and the use of computers.