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ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate Stress management mechanisms and work performance in
Tanzania Air traffic controllers. The study used both qualitative and quantitative method to
collect data. The study involved 82 obtained by calculating sample size out of 102 populations of
air traffic controllers using Yamanes formula, Yamane (1967). Data were collected from five
major airports in such as Julius Nyerere International Airport, Zanzibar International Airport,
Arusha Airport, Kilimanjaro International Airport and Mwanza Airport using questionnaire.
Analyses of datawere presented using Statistical Packages for Social Scientists (SPSS18).
Frequency distributions and percentages were used to discuss the results of the findings and
reach conclusion of the study.
Research was guided by Lazarus and Folkman, (1984) transaction model of stress which sees
stress as a transaction between individual and environment. According to this theory, tress is
neither a stimulus nor psychological response, but rather a relationship between environmental
demands and ability to deal with them. Management of stress is all about managing these
environmental demands.
The study focused on three objectives which was; to determine sources of stress among air
traffic controllers, then study stress management mechanisms used by Tanzania Civil Aviation
Authority and the evaluate if the mechanisms work towards performance.
The research findings showed that it was better to manage sources of stress rather than managing
symptoms if we are to ensure that stress doesn‟t hamper performances of air traffic controllers.
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Workload should be evenly distributed among air traffic controllers by arranging the work shift
system that minimizes dangerous health conditions; salaries should be reviewed from time to
time in order to counter frequent currency depreciation. Working conditions and environment
should be monitored so as not contribute toward stress among air traffic controllers. Also good
working relationship and support between worker and supervisors as well as between co - worker
should be emphasized. They should know that supervisors will be there to support when they
face difficulties, and constructive criticism should be encouraged by so doing it will help to
reduce stress among air traffic controllers. Consequently accidents and incidents induced by
stress will be minimized.
Researcher recommended establishment of Critical Incident Stress Management department that
will work to establish strategies that will combat sources of stress, as well as management of
stressful situations in workplace. Also having an employed psychologist or subcontracting
provision of this service from private psychologists in order to have a healthier workforce. The
researcher further recommended that air traffic controllers themselves as well as other staff under
different work settings should take first step to act responsibly toward their health wellbeing by
taking initiative to engage in physical exercise as well as muscle relaxation, cognitive
restructuring, meditation and holistic wellness which are non expensive stress coping skills |
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