Various studies have been undertaken in Tanzania on the language of instruction at the post-primary education level since the late 19790s. However, most of these studies do not relate the language of instruction issue to the quality of education. This paper attempts to address this shortfall by raising some questions: What is quality education? Who sets standards for quality education and according to whose criteria? Is quality education universal/global or local/societal? It is argued in the paper that the question of quality of education and the language of instruction factor are inseparable.