Dissertation (MSc Accounting and Finance)Intellectual capital is considered as a knowledge that is of value to the business organization. Despite vast of studies in intellectual capital (IC), the status has remained unknown with regard to Africa, Tanzania in specifics. This research intended to study the influence of intellectual capital on financial performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. The study employed quantitative research approach and diagnostic research design to measure the influence of intellectual capital on financial performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. The the sample of this study consisted of six listed domestic manufacturing industries. The nature of the data used was secondary, collected from Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) official website. The correlation and multiple regressions was used to measure the degree of association/effect uniquely and collectively between each of the independent variable (human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency) and the return on capital employed. On testing the relationship between variables, the study found a weak insignificant relationship between Human Capital Efficiency (HCE) and ROCE. This implies that, HCE did not have significant explanatory power to the model. The study further found, significant positive relationship between Structural Capital Efficiency (SCE) and financial performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. Lastly, the study found a strong positive correlation between the Capital Employed Efficiency (CEE) and ROCE in Tanzania. The study recommended that, the management should identify and evaluate the role of knowledge in the company and match the company revenues with the knowledge assets that produce the revenue. Furthermore, they should develop a strategy for investing in and exploiting the company’s intellectual capital assets, especially human capital.