Dissertation (MSc Nursing Mental Health)Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of depressive symptoms on HIV treatment among HIV/AIDS patients attending Care and Treatment Clinics in Dodoma Municipality. Methods: A cross sectional study design was employed whereby 350 HIV/AIDS patients were randomly selected to participate in the study. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) were used to assess the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms. Data were entered, manipulated and analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Chi square test and logistic regression were used in the analysis. Results: Sample size used was 350, whereby female were 70.9% and male 29.1%. Majority of the participants were 25-34 years of age. Multivariate logistic regression had revealed that, the chance of adherence of treatment was significantly lower in patients with mild (AOR=0.176, p=0.0094) and moderate to severe (AOR=0.217, p=0.0146) depression respectively. The patient‘s age group of 25-34 years (AOR=0.306, p=0.0357) and 45+ years (AOR=0.165, p=0.0021) were having lower chance of adherence. Those who had one child (AOR=16.270, P<.0001) and two and above children (AOR=10.323, p=0.0009) were significantly more likely to have adherence compared to patients with no children. Patients who got income from friends and family (AOR=0.468, p=0.0119) were less likely to adhere as compared self-business counterpart. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms and Stigma are big concern to the uptake of medical recommendation among PLWHA and accessing care and treatment services. Depression and Stigma also make the PLWHA to be poor in disclosure to the HIV / AIDS hence progression of the disease and increase of mortality rate.