Browsing by Author "George, Janeth"

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A systematic review on integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems with a view to addressing global health security threats
(BMC) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Mremi, Irene; Mboera, Leonard E. G; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mangwa, James
A systematic review on integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems with a view to addressing global health security threats
(BMC, 2020-06) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Mremi, Irene; Mboera, Leonard E. G; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mangwa, James
Background: Health surveillance is an important element of disease prevention, control, and management. During the past two decades, there have been several initiatives to integrate health surveillance systems using various mechanisms ranging from the integration of data sources to changing organizational structures and responses. The need for integration is caused by an increasing demand for joint data collection, use and preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.
A systems approach for designing an integrated animal health surveillance system in Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture) George, Janeth
Leveraging sub-national collaboration and influence for improving animal health surveillance and response: a stakeholder mapping in Tanzania
(Frontiers in Veterinary Science) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick V. G.; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Kimera, Sharadhuli I.; Mlangwa, James E. D.
Mechanisms and contextual factors affecting the implementation of animal health surveillance in Tanzania: a process evaluation
(Frontiers in Veterinary Science) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick V. G.; Rweyemamu, Mark; Kimera, Sharadhuli I.; Mlangwa, James E. D.
Towards an integrated animal health surveillance system in Tanzania: making better use of existing and potential data sources for early warning surveillance
(BMC Veterinary Research) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mlangwa, James
Towards an integrated animal health surveillance system in Tanzania: making better use of existing and potential data sources for early warning surveillance
(BMC Veterinary Research, 2021) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mlangwa, James
Background: Effective animal health surveillance systems require reliable, high-quality, and timely data for decision making. In Tanzania, the animal health surveillance system has been relying on a few data sources, which suffer from delays in reporting, underreporting, and high cost of data collection and transmission. The integration of data from multiple sources can enhance early detection and response to animal diseases and facilitate the early control of outbreaks. This study aimed to identify and assess existing and potential data sources for the animal health surveillance system in Tanzania and how they can be better used for early warning surveillance. The study used a mixed-method design to identify and assess data sources. Data were collected through document reviews, internet search, cross-sectional survey, key informant interviews, site visits, and non-participant observation. The assessment was done using pre-defined criteria. Results: A total of 13 data sources were identified and assessed. Most surveillance data came from livestock farmers, slaughter facilities, and livestock markets; while animal dip sites were the least used sources. Commercial farms and veterinary shops, electronic surveillance tools like AfyaData and Event Mobile Application (EMA-i) and information systems such as the Tanzania National Livestock Identification and Traceability System (TANLITS) and Agricultural Routine Data System (ARDS) show potential to generate relevant data for the national animal health surveillance system. The common variables found across most sources were: the name of the place (12/13), animal type/species (12/13), syndromes (10/13) and number of affected animals (8/13). The majority of the sources had good surveillance data contents and were accessible with medium to maximum spatial coverage. However, there was significant variation in terms of data frequency, accuracy and cost. There were limited integration and coordination of data flow from the identified sources with minimum to non-existing automated data entry and transmission. Conclusion: The study demonstrated how the available data sources have great potential for early warning surveillance in Tanzania. Both existing and potential data sources had complementary strengths and weaknesses; a multi-source surveillance system would be best placed to harness these different strengths.