Browsing by Author "Mangi, H. O."

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    Local versus imported food: opportunities and constraints for Tanzanian hotels
    (2017-10-17) Mangi, H. O.; Urassa, J. K.
    Developing countries are progressively experiencing economic growth through international tourism. Due to its unique characteristics, tourism is emerging as a potential opportunity for economic growth, earning of foreign exchange, and poverty reduction. The sale of goods and services to foreign tourists does not imply huge capital investments. Nevertheless, Tanzania's tourism depends heavily on imported food. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Morogoro Municipality and the cities of Dar es Salaam and Arusha in order to examine major reasons for the use of imported food by hotels serving tourists with a focus on opportunities and constraints in relation to the supply of local foods. In addition, the study aimed to identify tourists' food preferences. The study used both primary and secondary data. Results show that most of the food consumed in the hotels is locally sourced. Nonetheless, most of the food items are of foreign origin and, to a limited extent, food is supplied by local farmers and food producers. Imported food items included soft drinks, beverages, ingredients for hot drinks, and breakfast items. Poor quality of some locally available food, unreliability of supplies, lack of quality control systems, price fluctuations, insufficient packaging, and hygiene issues were major concerns that made most of the hoteliers avoid purchasing food items directly from local farmers. In view of this, it is recommended, among others, that the government and tourism stakeholders work with the farmers and suppliers to enhance awareness on food quality and hygienic handling of food items with a view of strengthening relationship between the sectors of agriculture and tourism for sustainable economic development.
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    Tide management in the Elbe River and changes in ecosystem services
    (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016-05-19) Mangi, H. O.
    Flood currents (tidal pumping) have led to the increase of transportation of sediments to the river’s upper estuary. In the tidal section of the Elbe River, more sediment is transported to the upper estuary with flood currents (tidal pumping) related to tidal asymmetry. This process contributes, amongst others, to dredging in order to obtain the water depth required for navigation safety. Cognizant of the above problems, construction of shallow water area is planned in order to reduce tidal asymmetry while improving ecological integrity at the tidal Elbe areas. The study on which this paper is based was conducted to assess ecological integrity and ecosystem services before and after the shallow water creation. Habitat identification and quality ranking were conducted for current habitat, while model habitats representing future state (after shallow water creation) were designed using HEC-RAS model simulation. The assessment matrix was used to assess ecological integrity and ecosystem services provisioning of the study area’s habitats before and after the shallow water creation, using potential indicators. Results indicate that there is increase in the ecological integrity after the project implementation. Based on the above explanation, it can be concluded that the measure will increase the flow of ecosystem services after its implementation.