Browsing by Author "Muhanga, M."

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    An Analysis of Drivers of Health Care Seeking Sources Preferences in Selected Wards in Eastern Tanzania
    (The East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities) Muhanga, M.; Chabila, M.
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    An Analysis of Drivers of Health Care Seeking Sources Preferences in Selected Wards in Eastern Tanzania
    (The East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019) Muhanga, M.; Chabila, M.
    Access, effectiveness, and utilization of healthcare services can affect the attainment of good health as healthcare services have a role in promoting the population's health and livelihoods of communities. Understanding factors that drive an individual's preference in seeking health care from a particular source(s) is an important aspect that has a profound contribution in facilitating the effective provision of health services. Though this aspect is generally known; very scanty information is available on what drives individuals’ preference on health care service sources under One Health Approach in Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Morogoro municipality and Mvomero district in Tanzania, inter alia, to analyse the determinants of individuals' health care service source preference. A structured questionnaire administered through a Computer-Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) electronic platform was used to collect data from 1440 respondents obtained through a multistage sampling procedure. IBM-SPSS v20 was used to analyse quantitative data. Binary logistic regression determined an individual preference for sources to seek health care. The results revealed that 41.2% of the respondents preferred to seek health care services from informal sources and 58.8% from formal sources. Marital status (Exp B= 0.001, 95% CI, .000 to .010), ß=-6.946, p=0.000, service characteristics (Exp B= 1.678, ß=0.518, p=0.000), beliefs on the effectiveness of health services (Exp B= 5.268, ß=1.662 at p=0.001) had significant influence on determining preference for a source of health care. It is recommended that health services should be improved from the formal health care sources since the majority of respondents had a preference for it
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    Community members’ interaction with health professionals and health literacy under one health approach in selected wards in Tanzania: The Nexus
    (Moshi University College, 2018) Muhanga, M.; Malungo, J.
    Health care providers are a community’s trusted source of health information and can impact on health literacy. However, their effectiveness depends very much on how health care providers recognize and respond to patients’ information and communication needs. This article from a cross –sectional study discusses the influence of the community members’ interaction with health professionals (CMIWHP) on health literacy (HL) under One Health Approach in selected wards in Morogoro, Tanzania. It specifically:- (i) assessed HL of the people in the study area, (ii) assessed CMIWHP, and; (iii) assessed the association/linkages (nexus) between CMIWHP and HL levels. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered through a Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) electronic platform from 1440 respondents obtained through multistage sampling procedure, 80 focus group discussions’ participants and 16 key informant interviewees. Indexes of score were constructed to measure CMIWHP and HL respectively. A chi-square test of independence was used to establish the association/linkages (nexus) between CMIWHP and HL. IBM-SPSS v.20 analysed quantitative data while qualitative data were organized into themes on specific objectives to back up findings. The study revealed, about one third of the respondents (32.9%) with adequate HL, moderate HL (30.8%) and majority with inadequate HL (36.3%). The results further indicate that only 17.5% (95% CI:15.0 to 19.9) had high CMIWHP, 42.5% (95% CI:39.5 to 45.9) with medium CMIWHP and the majority 40.0% (95% CI:37.2 to 43.1) had low CMIWHP. Chi-square results indicate a significant association between CMIWHP and HL, χ(2)=168.593, p=.000, phi=.342 It is concluded that CMIWHP significantly associates/links to HL levels, but with a medium effect . It is recommended that effective interventions should be established to enable further health care providers recognition and responses to patients’ information and communication needs.
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    Get Connected Or Get Destroyed? Adolescents And Mobile Devices In Urban Settings In Tanzania
    (International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications) Muhanga, M.
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    Get Connected Or Get Destroyed? Adolescents And Mobile Devices In Urban Settings In Tanzania
    (International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications, 2017-09) Muhanga, M.
    This study was conducted to assess the impact of the mobile phones among adolescents in secondary schools in Morogoro municipality in Tanzania . Specifically the study determined the influence of mobile phones on students‟ behaviors, and assessed the impact of mobile phones on students‟ academic performance. A cross sectional research design was used to obtain data from both primary and secondary sources of information through structured questionnaire from 90 respondents obtained through simple random sampling. The collected data were coded and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program. Findings revealed that, 93.3% of the interviewed respondents‟ access and use mobile phones, and 63.3% agreed that mobile phones usage among secondary school students cause behavioural changes. Also the study revealed that students use mobile phones to organize and maintain their social networks (8.9%), search materials on internet and organize discussion (54.4%), and informing their parents‟ on issues concerning their education (1.1%). A number of impacts on using mobile phones were revealed, including; facilitating engagement of students in sexual affairs (41.1%), decline in moral values (43.3%), decrease in academic performance (91.1%), causing health problems to students (50.0%), cause disturbance in studies (47.8%) and resulting to time wasting (88.9%). This study recommends various measures to be taken by secondary school teachers and parents to minimize the use of mobile phones among secondary school students hence ensuring that students are getting time to concentrate on their studies and improve academic performance.
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    Globalization and Technological Advancement: An Assessment of Impact of Mobile Phones among Secondary School Students in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
    (Mwenge Catholic University, 2015) Muhanga, M.
    This study was conducted to assess the impact of the mobile phones among secondary school students in Morogoro municipality. Specifically the study determined the influence of mobile phones on students’ behaviors, and assessed the impact of mobile phones on students’ academic performance. A cross sectional research design was used to obtain data from both primary and secondary sources of information through structured questionnaire from 90 respondents obtained through simple random sampling. The collected data were coded and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program. Findings revealed that, 93.3% of the interviewed respondents’ access and use mobile phones, and 63.3% agreed that mobile phones usage among secondary school students cause behavioural changes. Also the study revealed that students use mobile phones to organize and maintain their social networks (8.9%), search materials on internet and organize discussion (54.4%), and informing their parents’ on issues concerning their education (1.1%). A number of impacts on using mobile phones were revealed, including; facilitating engagement of students in sexual affairs (41.1%), decline in moral values (43.3%), decrease in academic performance (91.1%), causing health problems to students (50.0%), cause disturbance in studies (47.8%) and resulting to time wasting (88.9%). This study recommends various measures to be taken by secondary school teachers and parents to minimize the use of mobile phones among secondary school students hence ensuring that students are getting time to concentrate on their studies and improve academic performance.
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    Health Literacy and Some Socio-Demographic Aspects under One Health Approach in Eastern Tanzania: Connections and Realities
    (Scholink INC, 2018) Muhanga, M.; Malungo, J.
    Health Literacy significantly contributes towards attaining good health particularly when taken into the context of the interface of humans, animals and the environment. This cross-sectional study assessed health literacy and its connections to other socio-demographic aspects under One Health Approach in Morogoro municipality and Mvomero districts in Tanzania. A structured questionnaire administered through a Computer Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) electronic platform was used to collect data from 240 respondents obtained through a multistage sampling procedure. Health Literacy was assessed using context specific assessment tool. IBM-SPSS v20 and Gretl software were used to analyze data. The results revealed Inadequate Health Literacy at 36.3%, Moderate Health Literacy at 30.8% and Adequate Health Literacy standing at 32.9%. There was no association between educational attainment and the level of Health Literacy revealed. Health Literacy was lower among older individuals, with 40.2% of those who had Inadequate Health Literacy were from the elderly age category, more females (56.3%) had Inadequate Health Literacy than males (43.7%), Adequate Health Literacy was observed among married respondents at 65.8% in the category. Health literacy varies across some socio-demographic aspects. It therefore remains imperative that interventions in scale up health literacy by various stakeholders to consider these socio-demographic aspects.
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    Mining sector reforms in the context of fifty years of independence in Tanzania: a reflection of Mwalimu Nyerere’s legacy
    (Moshi Cooperative University, 2018) Muhanga, M.; Urassa, J.
    This paper discusses Tanzania’s economic reforms in the context of fifty-plus years of independence. Specifically, it focuses on how these reforms have impacted on the mining sector and how the reforms are in agreement with what Tanzania’s founding father Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere advocated in relation to resource governance. This paper introduces the reader to the theoretical issues on government and economic reforms, and an overview of Tanzania’s reform of the economy following the economic hardships of the late 1970s and the 1980s. Generally, the paper has attempted to review Tanzania’s mining sector on basis of Mwalimu Nyerere’s belief that a country should benefit from her natural resource base. In particular the paper examines issues of ethics and resource governance as advocated by the father of the Nation, Mwalimu Nyerere. In addition to the above, the paper further highlights reforms in Tanzania’s mining sector by analysing successes, failures and lessons learnt in Tanzania both before and after the reforms. To get a better understanding of the above, issues around the legal and policy environment in relation to the mining sector have been analysed in the context of reforms in Tanzania. The paper also discusses other cross cutting (legal and policy) reforms made in Tanzania in the last fifty plus years of independence which have impacted on Tanzania’s mining in relation to Mwalimu Nyerere’s perspectives.
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    Muhanga, M and C.I Nombo (2010) Local Government policy responses to informal sector in Morogoro, Tanzania: seeing problems in an opportunity or seeing an opportunity in problems?
    (Institute of African Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul Korea, 2010) Muhanga, M.; Nombo, C.
    This paper is a study conducted in selected wards in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania which aims at assessing the Local Government Authorities' policy responses and supporting the informal sector. Both checklist and questionnaires were used to collect information. Data analysis entailed a number of descriptive statistics and cross tabs. The study revealed a low level of policy knowledge among those involved in the sector (only 1.3%) and 53.8% seemed to prefer to operate on informal basis and only 46.2% would go for formalization of their activities with an opportunity, with 48.1% of the respondent has the information that the Informal Sector is not receiving support at all from the government. The study recommends that: There is a need for LGAs to boost efforts on the informal sector, addressing needs for the Local Government Authority's intervention to the Informal Sector for regulating purposes. Overall the study asserts that the informal sector has a significant contribution to the urban dwellers in Tanzania.