Browsing by Author "Sindato, Calvin"

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A spatial analysis of Rift Valley Fever Virus seropositivity in domestic ruminants in Tanzania
(PLOS ONE) Sindato, Calvin; Pfeiffer, Dirk U.; Karimuribo, Esron D.; Mboera, Leonard E.G.; Rweyemamu, Mark M.; Paweska, Janusz T.
Circulation of dengue serotype 1 viruses during the 2019 outbreak in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.) Mwanyika, Gaspary O.; Mboera, Leonard E. G.; Rugarabamu, Sima; Makange, Mariam; Sindato, Calvin; Lutwama, Julius J.; Paweska, Janusz T.; Misinzo, Gerald
Dengue virus infection and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(MDPI) Mwanyika, Gaspary O.; Mboera, Leonard E. G.; Rugarabamu, Sima; Ngingo, Baraka; Sindato, Calvin; Lutwama, Julius J.; Paweska, Janusz T.; Misinzo, Gerald
Leveraging sub-national collaboration and influence for improving animal health surveillance and response: a stakeholder mapping in Tanzania
(Frontiers in Veterinary Science) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick V. G.; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Kimera, Sharadhuli I.; Mlangwa, James E. D.
Pastoralists’ vulnerability to trypanosomiasis in maasai steppe
(Springer) Nnko, Happiness J.; Gwakisa, Paul S.; Ngonyoka, Anibariki; Saigilu, Meshack; Ole-Neselle, Moses; Kisoka, William; Sindato, Calvin; Estes, Anna
Potential impacts of climate change on geographical distribution of three primary vectors of African Trypanosomiasis in Tanzania's Maasai Steppe: G. m. morsitans, G. pallidipes and G. swynnertoni
(National Library of Medicine (NLM)) Nnko, Happiness Jackson; Ngonyoka, Anibariki; Gwakisa, Paul Simon; Sindato, Calvin; Estes, Anna Bond
Rift valley fever risk mapping and modelling in Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture) Sindato, Calvin
Rift valley fever risk mapping and modelling in Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2015) Sindato, Calvin
Rift Valley fever (RVF) was first reported in Tanzania in 1930 and the last outbreak occurred in the country in 2006/07. Besides the long history of RVF in the country, little is known about its spatial and temporal epidemiology and habitat suitability for its occurrence. This study was conducted to determine potential risk factors and develop the country RVF risk map. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine the presence of antibodies specific to RVF virus (RVFV) in serum samples from domestic ruminants, humans and wild animals. Logistic regression modelling was used to analyze RVF outbreak data and RVFV seropositivity. Space-time permutation and MaxEnt modelling were used to identify clusters and habitat suitability for RVF occurrence, respectively. Between 1930 and 2007, there were a total of 10 RVF outbreaks with overlapping of clusters that continuously covered more parts of the country. Overall, the seroprevalence of IgG specific to RVFV in domestic ruminants (n = 1435) was 25.8% (95% CI: 23.52, 28.05) and in humans (n = 541) was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.11, 13.34). The IgG specific to RVFV was detected in nine (n = 22) and one (n = 3) serum samples from African buffalo and African elephant, respectively. The potential risk factors for RVF occurrence included eastern Rift Valley ecosystem (OR = 6.14, CI: 1.96, 19.28), rainfall during the previous two months >405.4mm (OR = 12.36, CI: 3.06, 49.88), clay (OR =8.76, CI: 2.5, 30.5) and loam (OR = 8.8, CI: 2.0, 37.8) soil texture, introduction of domestic ruminants into the herd (OR = 5.08, CI: 2.74, 9.44; p< 0.001), human contact with aborted foetus materials (OR = 2.89, CI: 1.48, 5.60), human participation in the slaughtering of animals (OR = 2.65, CI: 1.39, 5.04), human having consumed meat from dead animals (OR = 2.06, CI: 1.05, 4.00). The findings of this study have shown that the north-eastern, central and lake zones of the country have larger amount of suitable habitat for RVF occurrence than the north-western and southern zones. These research findingsiii can be applied to guide risk-based cost-effective RVF surveillance and interventions strategies in the country.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of chikungunya, dengue, and zika in eight districts in Tanzania
(Elsevier Ltd) Mwanyika, Gaspary O.; Sindato, Calvin; Rugarabamu, Sima; Rumisha, Susan F.; Karimuribo, Esron D.; Misinzo, Gerald; Rweyemamu, Mark M.; Hamid, Muzamil M. Abdel; Haider, Najmul; Vairo, Francesco; Kock, Richard; Mboera, Leonard E.G.
Spatial and temporal pattern of Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Tanzania; 1930 to 2007
(Plos One) Sindato, Calvin; Karimuribo, Esron D.; Pfeiffer, Dirk U.
The epidemiology and socio-economic impact of rift valley fever epidemics in Tanzania: a review
(Tanzania Journal of Health Research) Sindato, Calvin; Karimuribo, Esron; Mboera, Leonard E.G
The epidemiology and socio-economic impact of rift valley fever epidemics in Tanzania: a review
(Tanzania Journal of Health Research, 2011) Sindato, Calvin; Karimuribo, Esron; Mboera, Leonard E.G
Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is an acute, mosquito-borne viral disease that has a significant global threat to humans and livestock. This review was conducted to provide comprehensive update on Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in Tanzania, with particular attention devoted to trend of occurrence, epidemiological factors, socioeconomic impact and measures which were applied to its control. Information presented in this paper was obtained through extensive literature review. RVF occurred for the first time in Tanzania in 1930. This was followed by periodic epidemics of 10-20 years i.e. 1947, 1957, 1977, 1997 and 2007. During the latest disease outbreak in 2007 (the expanded to cover wider area of the country) 52.4% (n=21) of regions in Tanzania mainland were affected and majority (72.7%, n=11) of the regions had concurrent infections in human and animals. Phylogenetic comparison of nucleotide and amimo acid sequences revealed different virus strains between Kenya and Tanzania. Epidemiological factors that were considered responsible for the previous RVF epidemics in Tanzania included farming systems, climatic factors, vector activities and presence of large population of ruminant species, animal movements and food consumption habits. The disease caused serious effects on rural people’s food security and household nutrition and on direct and indirect losses to livestock producers in the country. Psycho-social distress that communities went through was enormous, which involved the thinking about the loss of their family members and/or relatives, their livestock and crop production. Socially, the status of most livestock producers was eroded in their communities. Steps taken to combat epidemics included restriction of animal movements, ban of the slaughter of domestic ruminants and vaccination of livestock and health education.
Towards an integrated animal health surveillance system in Tanzania: making better use of existing and potential data sources for early warning surveillance
(BMC Veterinary Research) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mlangwa, James
Towards an integrated animal health surveillance system in Tanzania: making better use of existing and potential data sources for early warning surveillance
(BMC Veterinary Research, 2021) George, Janeth; Häsler, Barbara; Komba, Erick; Sindato, Calvin; Rweyemamu, Mark; Mlangwa, James
Background: Effective animal health surveillance systems require reliable, high-quality, and timely data for decision making. In Tanzania, the animal health surveillance system has been relying on a few data sources, which suffer from delays in reporting, underreporting, and high cost of data collection and transmission. The integration of data from multiple sources can enhance early detection and response to animal diseases and facilitate the early control of outbreaks. This study aimed to identify and assess existing and potential data sources for the animal health surveillance system in Tanzania and how they can be better used for early warning surveillance. The study used a mixed-method design to identify and assess data sources. Data were collected through document reviews, internet search, cross-sectional survey, key informant interviews, site visits, and non-participant observation. The assessment was done using pre-defined criteria. Results: A total of 13 data sources were identified and assessed. Most surveillance data came from livestock farmers, slaughter facilities, and livestock markets; while animal dip sites were the least used sources. Commercial farms and veterinary shops, electronic surveillance tools like AfyaData and Event Mobile Application (EMA-i) and information systems such as the Tanzania National Livestock Identification and Traceability System (TANLITS) and Agricultural Routine Data System (ARDS) show potential to generate relevant data for the national animal health surveillance system. The common variables found across most sources were: the name of the place (12/13), animal type/species (12/13), syndromes (10/13) and number of affected animals (8/13). The majority of the sources had good surveillance data contents and were accessible with medium to maximum spatial coverage. However, there was significant variation in terms of data frequency, accuracy and cost. There were limited integration and coordination of data flow from the identified sources with minimum to non-existing automated data entry and transmission. Conclusion: The study demonstrated how the available data sources have great potential for early warning surveillance in Tanzania. Both existing and potential data sources had complementary strengths and weaknesses; a multi-source surveillance system would be best placed to harness these different strengths.